新世纪英语综合教程Book 1教案

Unit One

Reading and Writing

Global Reading (35mins)

Last week, we have discussed the question :

with the economic globalization, English is becoming an international language and thus a useful tool for people in the world to communicate with each other. So nowadays more and more people hope that they can gain a good command of English within the shortest time. Have you ever noticed many advertisements which say it can help English learners learn fluent English in three months or even shorter time, now I will show you some advertisements, Let’s take a look together

(After taking a look at these advertisements, Please work in pairs to discuss: Do you believe those advertisements or not?

are there really easier, quicker ways to master English? Today, we will learn text A to see what a language teach has to say,

I. First, please Listen to the text (5mins) and try to get the main idea of the text.

II. After listening to the text, please do a text structure analysis: （20mins ） 1 Sentence Rearrangement

(Directions: The following sentences are quoted from text A. Rearrange them into a logical order.)

1). No doubt this is true to a certain extent, but it is not very helpful to students.

2). But it is difficult for anyone to explain in simple language why one method is better than another, and it is no use pretending that anyone has discovered a perfect way of teaching English in every possible situation.

3). It is natural for students to be attracted to methods that will teach them as quickly and efficiently and cheaply as possible.

4). Some experts even argue that there are as many good methods of teaching a language as there are good teachers, because every teacher is an individual with his own personality.

3-2-4-1

2 List of Headings

(Directions: Text A has six paragraphs 1-6. Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.)

A) A good method that suits all students does not exist

B) The behaviorist approach

C) Two false attitudes toward English learning

D) The role of fellow students

E) Advertisements often give the false impression

F) The role of interest

1-E 2-A 3-C 4-B 5-F 6-D

I Detailed reading (55mins)

1 Questions about understanding:

Listen to a para 1 and answer questions:

1) Why do those advertisements refer to famous writers like William

Shakespeare and Charles Dickens?

The people who run the advertisements just want to use writers’ quotations to support their points.

2) Why do a large number of people prefer to believe these ridiculous claims? ( This is an open question.

3) What is the main idea of para1(please turn to page 9)?

Advertisements often give the false impression that learning English is easy and does not need much effort.

Listen to a para 2and answer questions:

1)According to the author, is there a perfect way of teaching English in every possible situation?

No. He says “it is no use pretending that anyone has discovered a perfect way of teach ing English in every possible situation”.

2) What is meant by “every teacher is an individual with his own personality”? It means that different teachers have different personalities and, therefore, a teacher may have his or her own way of teaching English.

3) What is the main idea of para2(please turn to page 9)?

There is no such thing as a good method that suits all students in every situation.

Listen to a para 3 and answer questions:

1) Does the writer support the idea that a language is best learned where it is spoken? And is it a perfect way to learn a language?

Yes, he does. But he believes that a large number of students can’t afford to do so, which is the imperfect point.

2) Can you translate the sentence “it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language and vice versa” ?

如果你认为英语中的每一个词在另一语言中都有完全对等的词（或反之亦然），那就错了。

3) What is the main idea of para3 (please turn to page 9)?

People used to believe that the only way to learn a language was to spend a lot of time in a country where it was spoken. The other extreme is that some think that they can learn a foreign language at home relying solely on dictionaries.

Listen to a para 4 and answer questions:

1) What is the belief held by behaviorists in terms of language learning?

Behaviorists believe that language learning is a kind of habit formation. So they are fond of making students repeat phrases and do exercises where they continually have to change one word in a sentence.

2)Why do many theorists consider it “a pity ” that we are not “parrots or chimpanzees ”? Does the tone indicate the writer ’s attitude towards the behaviorists theory on language learning?

Many behaviorist theorists wish that human beings were just like parrots or chimpanzees, so that they could use their methods of teaching on human beings with ease.

The tone of the statement indicates that the writer does not agree with the behaviorist theory on language learning.

3) What is the main idea of para4 (please turn to page 9)?

Teaching methods based on the behaviourist theory may not work, as human being are not parrots or chimpanzees.

Listen to a para 5 and answer questions:

1) What distinguishes human beings from parrots and chimpanzees according to Pidcroft?

Parrots and chimpanzees make noises that are meaningless while the speech sounds human beings make are meaningful and they can relate them to their own lives. In other words, human beings use language to communicate.

2) What is the author’s opinion about learning a new language?

The author believe that no one can learn a new language well enough unless he or she is interested in it. He also thinks that the way of learning to speak and write in another language is probably similar to the way of learning one’s mother tongue.

3) What is the main idea of para5 (please turn to page 9)?

Interest is the key to learning a language,which is a means of communication.

Listen to a para 6 and answer questions:

1) What does the author emphasize towards the end of the text? (Para.6) He emphasizes the importance of group work in learning a new language.

2)why does the writer repeat the word “real ” in the last sentence?

The writer wants to emphasize the idea that language learning should be based on “real situation in “real life” and the language we learn should be “real language”

3) What is the main idea of para6 (please turn to page 9)?

To learn a language well, it is important that we have other people to talk to and listen to.

2 Questions about language points:

1) Can you figure out the meaning of “claim” ? Can it be used as a noun? Give us an example. (L2)

vt. state that sth. is true, even though it has not been proved.

e.g. All parties have claimed success in yesterday’s elections.

n. a statement that sth. is true, even though it has not been proved.

e.g. Her claim to the ownership of the land was finally recognized by the court.

2) Can you use the grammar in the sentence “If it were as easy to learn English as they say, I would have to look for another job, because very few qualified teachers would be needed” to translate the following sentences? (L8)

语法：虚拟语气的其中一种形式，从句多表示一个假想的与事实相反的情况，或不太可能发生的情况。其句中的动词形式一般是：从句谓语—过去时（如果谓语动词是be, 一般要用were ）, 主句谓语—would+动词原形。

If we had enough money, we would buy a computer.

如果我们有足够的钱，我们就去买电脑了。（事实上没有足够的钱）

If you knew all the circumstances, you would forgive me.

如果你了解全部情况，你是会原谅我的。

（但事实上你不了解）

If there were anything to tell, I would tell it to you.

如果有什么事可以告诉你的话，我会对你说的。（不过没什么可说）

3) What are the meaning and the usage of the phrase “it is no use …”? (L16) The phrase means “it has no effect …”

(Whenever we use this phrase we should always use the V-ing form after it.) More examples:

It ’s no use complaining.

It ’s no use crying over spilt milk, — he ’s spent all the money, and there’s nothing you can do about it.

4) Please translate the following sentences with the phrase “no doubt”? (L21) 想必你要在吃饭前休息一下。

No doubt you’ll want to have a rest before dinner.

我们很可能在下次会议时再次讨论这一问题。

We will, no doubt, discuss these issues again at the next meeting.

5) Do you know the meaning and the usage of the word “assume”? Please give us examples. (L30)

vt. accept (sth.) as true before there is proof.

e.g. I assumed his story to be true.

The report was assumed to be valid.

CF: assume, presume & suppose

这些动词均含有 “假设，猜想，推测” 之意。

assume 指无根据地武断推测或不合逻辑地推理。

presume 强调以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。

suppose 常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实、根据一些现象进行推测，

也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有时仅表示个人意

见。

1. Many scientists ___presumed______ the new damage to the forests to be the result of higher levels of pollution.

2. I didn’t see your car, so I _____assumed____ you’d gone out.

3. We have no reason to ___suppose______ that the girl is dead.

6) What does the word “base” mean? Do you know its usage? (L35)

vt. [usu. pass.] place or establish; provide with a base or center.

e.g. The film is based on a novel by Mark Twain.

n. 1. the lowest part of something, esp. the part on which something stands. e.g. There is a hole in the base of the tree.

2. a place where people in a military organization live and work.

e.g. a military base/an air base

CF: base, basis & foundation

base 指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。例如：Some of the military bases on this island were built in the 19th century. basis 主要用作抽象或引申意义。例如：Charity toward others is the basis of her philosophy.

foundation 用于具体意义时，指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基；用作比喻意义时，与basis 基本相同。例如：The earthquake shook the foundations of the house. /Those thoughts rocked her belief to its foundations.

7) Can you paraphrase the sentence “Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, … can relate them to their own lives”? (L44-46)

Human beings are not like animals. When they talk, they make speech sounds

that are meaningful and relevant to their lives.

8) Can you figure out the synonyms of the word “continual”? (L37)

Its synonyms may include “continuous, successive & constant”.

CF: continual, continuous, successive & constant

这些形容词均有“连续的”、“不断的”之意。

continual 强调重复或持续发生，但连续之间允许有间断。

continuous 语意最强，强调在时间和空间上没有间断。

successive 强调事物一个接一个地发生，无间断。

constant 多指习惯性的重复和不变的持续。

1. The refrigerator keeps food at a _ constant_ temperature.

2. The people in the city suffered a lot from the two weeks of _continual_ rain.

3. Is this a _____continuous___ flight, or do we stop off anywhere?

4. My computer makes a _____continuous___ low buzzing noise.

5. The school has won five _successive_______ games.

9) please do exercises 1 &2 on page10

Post-reading (10 mins)

Synonyms and Antonyms

1. Synonyms

Directions: Match the words in the left column with the words in the right column which have the same meanings.

2. Antonym

Directions: Match the words in the left column with the words in the right column which have the opposite meanings.

Assignment:

Read Text B by yourselves before class and finish the exercises on pages 22-28

Session 3: Text B, Structured Writing and Exercises

Revision of Text A (10min)

Picture talking

Directions: Pictures in this section are based on the text you have learned. You are required to talk about them with the language points in the Text A.

Reading Section B (30mins)

1. The General Idea of the Text B

Ask students to skim through the whole text and then make a short report about the general idea of the text.

2. Reading Comprehension

1) What is the chief problem that the children had with their schoolwork? (Para1)

They had great trouble with their reading. They feared reading and disliked books.

2) What did John Holt want children to do? (Para.2)

He encouraged students to read a lot, and read them only for pleasure.

3) How did children feel when they heard what John Holt said about reading? (Para.4)

Stunned; shocked; doubtful; unbelieving; pleased…

4) Why did John Holt tentatively suggest the girl to read National Velvet? (Para.5)

First, he knew that the girl was a skillful rider and loved horses, so he thought she might like to read it. Second, the word “tentatively” shows that he is a very considerate teacher, trying hard not to appear to force his choice on her.

5) What did the girl do that astonished John Holt? (Para.6)

She started to read Moby Dick, a very difficult book to read.

6) According to John Holt, what should reading be like? (Para.7)

It should always be an exciting, joyous adventure.

3. Language Points

Finish exercises on pages 16-18. (This section focuses on training students’ ability to determine the meaning of vocabulary items from the context.)

Assignment Check (20mins)

Check the exercises on pages 22-28, and explain some difficult language points.

From Reading to Writing (25mins)

Cause and Effect Writing (page 31)

When you explain the reasons why something happens by writing, you are having a cause and effect writing.

1) Useful Expressions for Cause:

Owing to (because of / thanks to) sth.…

There are three reasons for this. The reasons for this are as follows...

This is due to (results from) several factors.

A number of factors could account for…

One reason is that…

… partly because…, partly because…

Many factors that contribute to (lead to/account for)… include…

2) Useful Expressions for Effect

So/Therefore/Consequently/As a result…

The effect is evident/obvious.

It will have/exert a deep influence (on„).

It may cause a sweeping change.

It leaves some serious consequences.

It may give rise to a host of problems.

The immediate result it produces is...

3) Tips for Cause and Effect Writing

List your reasons one by one;

All the reasons in the list must be related to the effect;

Put these reasons into several different sentences.

Writing Task

Write a paragraph of about 100-120 words. (Topic: Why I want to learn English) Sample Writing:

I want to study English for different reasons. Firstly, English is generally considered as the most common language of communication throughout the world. For example, English is widely used in many fields such as science, business, and entertainment, just to name a few. Therefore, learning English enables me to have the opportunity to communicate with people from different backgrounds and cultures. Secondly, learning English broadens my horizon, giving me insights into other cultures. And my mind is opened to new ways of viewing things.

Enjoy English (5mims)

Match the writers with their masterpieces.

1. British writers and their masterpieces:

Jane Austen Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland

Charlotte Brontë Sons and Lovers

Lewis Carroll Pride and Prejudice

Thomas Hardy Jane Eyre

D. H. Lawrence Treasure Island

Robert Louis Stevenson Tess of the D’Urbervilles

2. American writers and their masterpieces:

William Faulkner The Sun Also Rises; The Old Man and the Sea Nathaniel Hawthorne The Sound and the Fury

Ernest Hemingway Gone with the Wind

Margaret Mitchell The Scarlet Letter

Mark Twain The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ; The Adventures of

Huckleberry Finn

2. Chinese writers and their masterpieces:

Cao Xueqin Camel Xiangzi

Lu Xun The Superman

Bing Xin The Family

Ba Jin Dream of the Red Mansions

Lao She Diary of a Madman

Assignment

Discussion: Since you have been learning English for many years, you may have known some good English teachers. What, in your opinion, are the qualities that make a good English teacher? Discuss this question with your roommates and write down your answers in the workbook.