雅思语法17
雅思语法主讲老师:孙超
第十七讲:
分词用法
1. 两种形式:现在分词和
过去分词
2. 结构:
1) 现在分词
1.
2. 一般式v+ -ing完成式having+done
3. 被动式being+done
2) 过去分词只有一般式v.+ed
3. 作非谓语:①②可作
:•定语从句的简化1. 现在分词作定语2. 过去分词作定语
:•定语从句的简化1. 现在分词作定语2. 过去分词作定语
现在分词作定语
1. n.持久的特点a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles people
a relationship countries
现在分词作定语2. n. 的短暂性特点(正在进行) –falling leaves
= leaves that are falling–the rising sun= the sun that is rising
passing time
a swimming bear a baby
现在分词vs 动名词doing vs doing
1. 现在分词可置于n. 前或后动名词只可置于n. 之前
2. 现在分词可改为定语从句动名词可以改为for 短语
雅思写作高分句•The graph gives information sales and profits of two companies.
a sleeping dog
a sleeping bag
a swimming boy
a swimming pool
drinking water
boiling water=a dog that is sleeping 现分=a bag for sleeping 动名词=a boy who is swimming 现分=a pool for swimming 动名词=water for drinking 动名词=water that is boiling 现分
分词作定语:•定语从句的简化1. 现在分词作定语2. 过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语
1. 动作已经完成•
•
•
•the risen sun= the sun that has risena married man= a man that has married
过去分词作定语2. 被动关系
a boiled egg
= an egg that was boileda deserted car park= a car park that has been deserted••
雅思写作高分句
•Company A sells pencils in the UK, whereas Company B sells pencils overseas.
过去分词作定语
3. left, 通常做questioned, 后置定语It’s so I can give you a only one , special price.found
过去分词作定语
4. used, given 等词做前置和后置定语意义不同
A. The store sells only.
B. The are all up-to-
date.
A. We must finish it within the .
B. I don’t like the by my mom.
雅思写作高分句
•The information in the graph shows that more and more people in
towns and cities prefer to live in the countryside and commute to work.
分词作定语过去分词:
This is a book ‘With a Little Faith’ about him.
3. 作非谓语:
①
②可作
过去分词:
The girl saw Kingkong.
The girl fell in love with Kingkong.
The girl saw Kingkongand fell in love with him.
When the girl saw Kingkong, she fell in love with him., the girl fell in love with him.
分词作状语:
•状语从句的简化
分词作状语
①两个动作具有某种逻辑关系(时间/原因/条件/让步/伴随)
②分词的逻辑主语与句子主语须一致③可简化从句
X •Arriving home, the door
was found locked.
•Arriving home, I found the door was locked .
X •Looking out of the window, there are lots of people in the street.
•Looking out of the window, I saw lots of people in the street.
the room, I found nobody in it.=the room, I found nobody in it.
from the hill, it looks like a garden. = from the hill, the city looks like a garden.
时间状语
Hearing the good news, he jumped with great joy.
原因状语nobody at
home, I decided to leave her a note.
条件状语more time, I would recall the youth life.
让步状语where I live, he never comes to see me.
伴随状语
The super star came in, by lots of fans.
注意
1. 分词的完成式现在分词动作在谓语动作之前发生
twice, I didn’t want to try again.=twice, I didn’t want to try again.
雅思口语高频句型…, but having said that , …
“Excuse me, do you know its against the law to ride your bike without lights, but that, I'm not going to arrest you for it, just give you a warning!".
(=although I said that)
注意
可用连词或介词2. 分词作状语时,前面dinner quickly, I went to see her.having my
雅思写作高分句•too little sleep, your body will demand that the sleep debt be repaid.