初中英语常用动词词组及短语240个
初中英语常用动词词组及短语240个
由be构成的词组
1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at 善于，擅长于
4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细 5)be covered with 被„„复盖 6)be ready for 为„„作好准备
7)be surprised (at) 对„„感到惊讶 8)be interested in 对„„感到举 9)be born 出生
10)be on 在进行，在上演， （灯）亮着 11)be able to do sth. 能够做„„
12)be afraid of (to do sth. that„) 害怕„„(不敢做„„，恐怕„„) 13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气
14)be pleased (with) 对„„感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for 以„„而著名
16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自„„，什么地方人
18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了 19)be worried 担忧
20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做„„ 21)be covered with 被„„所覆盖„„ 22)be in (great) need of (很)需要
23)be in trouble 处于困境中
24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做„„ 25)be late for „„迟到
26)be made of (from) 由„„制成 27)be satisfied with 对„„感到满意 28)be free 空闲的，有空 29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床
30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做„„(忙于„„)
由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、looke、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组
31)come back 回来 32)come down 下来 33)come in 进入，进来
34)come on 快，走吧，跟我来 35)come out出来
36)come out of 从„„出来 37)come up 上来
38)come from 来自„„
39)do one's lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业 40)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读 41)do one's best 尽力
42)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读
点书，大扫除)
43)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事) 44)do morning exercises 做早操 45)do eye exercises 做眼保健操 46)do well in 在„„某方面干得好 47)get up 起床
48)get everything ready 把一切都准备好
49)get ready for (=be ready for) 为„„作好准备 50)get on (well) with 与„„相处(融洽) 51)get back 返回
52)get rid of 除掉，去除 53)get in 进入，收集 54)get on/off 上/下车 55)get to 到达
56)get there 到达那里
57)give sb. a call 给„„打电话 58)give a talk 作报告
59)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会) 60)give back 归还，送回
61)give„„some advice on 给„„一些忠告 62)give lessons to 给„„上课 63)give in 屈服 64)give up 放弃
65)give sb. a chance 给„„一次机会
66)give a message to„„ 给„„一个口信 67)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧
68)go to the cinema 看电影
69)go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺) 70)go to school (college) 上学(上大学) 71)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病
72)go over 过一遍，复习/ go over to 朝„„走去
73)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西 74)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿) 75)go round 顺便去，绕道走 76)go up 上去
77)go out for a walk 外出散步 78)go on (doing) 继续(做„„) 79)go shopping 去购物
80)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作 81)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼 82)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了
83)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会
84)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛85)have dictation 听见 86)have a try 试一试
87)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴
88)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会) 89)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于„„的报告
90)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶) 91)have breakfast/lunch/supper /dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 92)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)
93)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶
94)have (have got) a headache 头痛 95)have a fever 发烧
96)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒) 97)have a look (at) 看一看„„
98)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息) 99)have a talk 谈话
100)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步 101)have sports 进行体育锻炼
102)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会 103)have something done 让人(请人)做„„ 104)have a test/an exam 测验/考试 105)have an idea 有了个主意
106)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做„„(最好不要做„„) 107)have a word with 与„„谈几句话
108)help sb. with sth. 在„„方面帮助„„ 109)help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助„„做„„
110)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉 111)help each other 互相帮助 112)have nothing to do 无事可做
113)keep up with 跟上„„，不落后于„„ 114)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静
115)keep sb. doing sth. 使„„一直做„„ 116)keep one's diary 记日记
117)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)
118)make a living 谋生
119)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做„„ 120)make faces (a face)做鬼脸
121)make friends (with)与„„交朋友 122)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误 123)make room/space for 给„„腾出地方
124)make a sentence (sentences)with 用„„造句 125)make a fire 生火
126)be made from/of 由„„制成 127)be made in 在„„地方制造
128)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)
129)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典 130)look up 往上看，仰望
131)look after 照管，照看，照顾 132)look for 寻找
133)look like 看上去像
134)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑135)look out 当心，小心
136)look on „as„ 把„„当作„„看待 137)look around 朝四周看 138)look at 看着„„
139)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧) 140)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖 141)put into 使进入，输入
142)put one's heart into 全神贯注于 143)put„down„ 把„„放下 144)put„into„ 把„„译成
145)set up 竖起，建起 146)set off 出发，动身 147)set out 出发
148)set an example for 为„„树立榜样 149)send for 派人去请(叫) 150)send out 放出，发出
151)end up 把„„往上送，发射
152)take one's advice 听从某人劝告 153)take out 拿出，取出 154)take down 拿下 155)take place 发生
156)take one's place 坐„„的座位，代替某人职务 157)take the place of 代替„„ 158)take a walk/rest 散步/休息 159)take it easy 别紧张
160)take sth.with sb. 随身带着
161)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假
162)take care of 关心，照顾，保管
163)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼) 164)take an exam 参加考试 165)take away 拿走
166)take back 收回，带回 167)take hold of 抓住„„
168)take off 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉
169)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动)
170)take photos 拍照
171)take some medicine 服药
172)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船 173)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等) 174)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等) 175)turn in 交出，上交 176)turn„into„ 变成 177)turn to 翻到，转向 178)turn down (把音量)调低 179)turn„over 把„„翻过来
180)play basketball 打篮球，football 踢足球，volleyball 打排球181)play games 做游戏
182)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴) 183)play with snow 玩雪
184)play a joke (on) 对„„开玩笑
由其他动词构成的词组
185)think over 仔细考虑
186)arrive at/in a place 到达某处 187)eat up 吃完，吃光
188)do well in 在„„干得好
189)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事 190)find out 发现，查出(真相等) 191)finish off 吃完，喝完
192)stop doing sth. 停止做某事 193)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
194)hold a meting 举行会议 195)hold up 举起
196)hurry up 赶快，快点 197)enter for 报名参加 198)langht at 嘲笑 199)be used to 习惯于 200)used to 过去常常 201)wake„up 唤醒 202)work out 算出
动词短语
203)ask for 向„„要„„，请求 204)ask for leave 请假 205)send for 派人去请(叫) 206)pay for 付„„的款 207)wait for 等候
208)thank for 为„„感谢
209)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉210)look for 寻找
211)leave„for 离开„„去„„ 212)fall off 跌落
213)catch cold 着凉，伤风 214)catch up with 赶上
215)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见 216)filled„„with 把„„装满
217)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事
218)talk about 谈论„„ 219)think about 考虑„„ 220)worry about 担忧„„ 221)look after 照料
222)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑 223)read after 跟„„读 224)smile at 对„„微笑 225)knock at 敲(门、窗) 226)shout at 对„„大喊(嚷) 227)throw away 扔掉
228)work hard at 努力做„„ 229)wait in line 排队等候 230)change„into„ 变成 231)hurry into„ 匆忙进入 232)hurry up 快点 233)run into„ 跑进 234)hear of 听说
235)hear from 收到„„来信 236)think of 认为，考虑 237)catch hold of 抓住 238)instead of 代替„„ 239)hand in 交上来
240)stay in bed 卧病在床
194)hold a meting 举行会议 195)hold up 举起
196)hurry up 赶快，快点 197)enter for 报名参加 198)langht at 嘲笑 199)be used to 习惯于 200)used to 过去常常 201)wake„up 唤醒 202)work out 算出
动词短语
203)ask for 向„„要„„，请求 204)ask for leave 请假 205)send for 派人去请(叫) 206)pay for 付„„的款 207)wait for 等候
208)thank for 为„„感谢
209)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉210)look for 寻找
211)leave„for 离开„„去„„ 212)fall off 跌落
213)catch cold 着凉，伤风 214)catch up with 赶上
215)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见 216)filled„„with 把„„装满
217)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事
218)talk about 谈论„„ 219)think about 考虑„„ 220)worry about 担忧„„ 221)look after 照料
222)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑 223)read after 跟„„读 224)smile at 对„„微笑 225)knock at 敲(门、窗) 226)shout at 对„„大喊(嚷) 227)throw away 扔掉
228)work hard at 努力做„„ 229)wait in line 排队等候 230)change„into„ 变成 231)hurry into„ 匆忙进入 232)hurry up 快点 233)run into„ 跑进 234)hear of 听说
235)hear from 收到„„来信 236)think of 认为，考虑 237)catch hold of 抓住 238)instead of 代替„„ 239)hand in 交上来
240)stay in bed 卧病在床
几组近义动词和动词词组辨析
1．几个“花费”：spend, take, pay, cost. （1）spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间。spend … on sth / （in） doing sth，
例如：I spent 15 yuan on this new book.
（2）take常用于 "It takes sb. some time to do sth" 句型中，例如： It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. （3）pay常与for连用，表“付给……款”。例如： I paid 15 Yuan for this new book.
（4）cost常用物作主语，表“价值或花费多少钱”，例如：
This new book cost me 15 Yuan. 2．几个“看”：look, see, watch, read, find
（1）look 看，表动作，look at。例如：Please don’t look out of the window. （2）see 看见，表结果；也可说看电影“see a film”。例如：
His father saw him sitting on some eggs. （3）watch 观看比赛、演出、电视等。 （4）read读书看报等文字材料。例如：My father is reading newspaper now. 3．几个与“看”有关的词或词组：look for, find, find out, look after, take care of,
look over, look forward to,
（1）look for 寻找，表过程；find发现，找到，表结果；find out 找出，查明。例如：
I looked for my lost pen everywhere, but couldn’t find it anywhere. （2）look after, take care of 均表示“照看，照顾”。
（3）look over 检查身体等。
（4）look forward to盼望……，期待……。例如： I am looking forward to your letter.
She looks forward to going to visit her grandparents in Dalian.
4．几个“说”：say, speak, talk, tell
（1）say接说话的内容，作及物动词。say sth to sb. 对某人说某事。例如：
Did you say goodbye to your granny?
（2）speak常指能说某种语言，打电话时常用它表示说话，也有“演讲”的意思，不强调说话的内容。例如：
We can speak Chinese and English. May I speak to Henry?
He will speak at the meeting tonight.
（3）talk多是不及物动词，指交谈、谈论；做名词时有演讲、报告之意。例如：
They are talking about their friends now.
I will talk to your father about your health next time. Mr. Zhang is going to give us a talk at the meeting.
（4）tell的意思是“告诉某人……；讲述……；吩咐某人做……”。多为及物动词，后面多接两个宾语。例如：
I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow. Granny often tells me funny stories.
The policeman told us not to play football in the street again.
5．几个“穿，戴”：put on, wear, dress, in
（1）put on指“穿上、戴上”的意思，强调动作，代词多放在中间。例如：
Here is your coat. Put it on, Lucy.
He put on his new pair of sunglasses and went out. （2）wear指“穿着，戴着”，表示状态。例如：
-“What is she wearing?” - “She’s wearing a red hat and a blue jacket.”
（3）dress指“给某人穿衣服”，其宾语多是人。例如：
My mother is dressing herself.
My little brother is too young. Mom dresses him every morning. dress up 指“穿上盛装，打扮”
（4）in 后多接衣服的颜色，表示“穿着……颜色衣服的”。例如： The man in black is my father.
Have you seen a boy in a red sweater? 6．几个“到达”：reach, arrive in / at, get to
（1）reach是个及物动词，它后面可以直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。例如：
We reached Shanghai at eight on Monday.
（2）arrive是个不及物动词，后面接表示地点的名词作宾语时需在宾语前加介词in或at（在国家和较大的城市或地区前用in，较小的地方或单位前用at）。
例如： We have already arrived in Shanghai.
They arrived at school at 6:30 yesterday. （3）get to 表示到达，多用于口语中。例如： I got to the Capital Cinema at 9:00.
注意：当表示到达here, there, home时，arrive或get后不要加介
词。
例如：When did you get home? When will you arrive there? 7．几个“带、拿”：bring, take, get, carry
（1）bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”。例如：
You’d better finish you homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.
May I bring Tom along? Bring the book to me, please.
（2）take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到” 离说话人较远处。例如：
Could you take the book to the classroom? I am busy now. （3）get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。例如：
Will you get that book for me?
（4）carry不强调动作来去的方向，只说明动作方式，表示“背着、扛着、提着、载着”等含义。例如
The buses and taxis are carry people here and there. The box is so heavy that the little boy can’t carry it.
8．几个与“听”有关的词或词组：listen to, hear, hear of, hear from （1）listen to 听……，表示听的动作。
（2）hear 听见，听到。表示结果。例如：
I listened to the speaker carefully, but I couldn’t hear anything. （3）hear of 听说„„。例如：
Have you heard of this news?
（4）hear from收到某人的信息或来信。例如： I heard from my friend in Australia last week. 9．beat和win
（1）beat表示“赢”或“打败”，后面要接被打败的对手。例如： Our football team beat theirs by 3 to 1.
（2）win用作及物动词时，后面接的不是被打败的对手，而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次等。例如：
Our football team won the football game by 3 to 1. 10．rise和raise
（1）rise是不及物动词，表示“上升、提高、增长”等。例如： The sun rises in the east.
Our country’s international prestige（国际声望）is rising continually. （2）raise是及物动词，表示“举起、抬起”。
He raised his hand picked an apple. 11．borrow, lend和keep
（1）borrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西，常与介词from连用。例如：
May I borrow some money from you? You can borrow books from the library.
（2）lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人，常与介词to连用。例如：
Could you lend me some money?
The library lends books to the students.
（3）keep表示“保存”，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例如： How long may I keep the book? I have kept the book for 3 weeks. 12．receive和accept
（1）receive的意思是“收到了„„”，只表示收到某物，并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。例如：
I received a gift from her, but I returned it back to her this morning.
（2）accept表示“接受„„”，“同意接纳„„”。如接受物体、邀请、批评等。
He received an invitation from her and accepted it happily. 13．answer与reply
（1）answer意为“回答、响应、答复、接听电话”等，多作及物动词。例如：
Who can answer my question?
I called you, but no one answered the telephone.
（2）reply 意为“回答、答复”，是不及物动词，后需加介词to, at等再加宾语。例如：
He didn’t want to reply to my questions. 14．hope与expect
（1）hope指主观上的愿望，但在客观上不一定有实现的可能性，常接that从句、动词不定式或以介词for引出的短语。例如：
I hope you will come to see me again when you are 100 years old. Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.
（2）expect着重指客观上有可能实现的“期待、期望”等，其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。例如：
I am expecting that you will come soon. She is expecting a letter from him. 15．lie和lay
（1）lie有多个意思：表示“躺；展示；位于”时，其变化是：lay, lain, lying；
表示“说谎”时，其变化是：lied, lied, lying 例如：I saw an old man lying on the street. Don’t believe him. He always lies.
（2）lay的含意是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是：laid, laid, laying. I can’t find my book anywhere. I remember that I laid it on the desk last night.