北京天坛--------B英文导游词
Each visitor:
How are you, welcome you to Peking to travel, I am your guide DAVID.
Each visitor, we today want to visit of is the place in past emperor fiesta sky-Altar of Heaven.
Emperor in Ming Dynasty Yung-loh followed a greatly sacrificing of the Nanking in city in the south of Peking palace to build up this function at the altar in fiesta sky and cover area to come to a 2,730,000 square meters after moving capital Peking.The lord building is to greatly sacrifice a palace, also today the position of the Qi year palace up.Altar of Heaven there is outside altar wall and inside altar wall, the northern side is a circular, the south noodles is a square, take an idea circularly square for sky.In the beginning, fiesta the sky and all of fiesta grounds was altar of heavens, until clear Jia Jing year at north city build ground altar, just separate of, and added the altar of Yuan Qiu, used for Meng fiesta for winter sky, originally and greatly sacrificed a palace to change to greatly enjoy a palace, exclusively used for a Meng Spring Prayers valley, at that time the roof of the palace is already three heavy Yan, from last went to next blue color tile of Huang Lyu San to represent world creation respectively.But during the reign of Qianlong, there is the Qi year palace to will greatly enjoy a palace to change to now, but change roof tiles all the glazed tiles in blue.Thus formed today what we see this is in the world the biggest fiesta buildings in the sky.
But such a fiesta holy land in the sky, but once encountered sacking of English method allied troops in 1860 as well, subsequently on the time in 1900 encountered eight country allied troops' devastations again.The Yuan a life time Kai mounts the throne in 1916 of time once was Altar of Heaven presenting to public a fiesta as well for sky of farce.In 1918, the altar of heaven finally still keep being opened with park.Relieve hereafter Altar of Heaven not only became a famous tourist attraction, and still constituting of city grass in Peking part, it is a tour to come here not only, also don't lack some exclusively for strengthening figure the aged of Jian body.
Let us now along the emperor ascended the route of altar to start this time tour in those early years.
We are positive now along Altar of Heaven construct of medium the stalk line go southward into, will see of is the altar of Yuan Qiu in ancient emperor fiesta sky.The Yuan Qiu has 2 to round to protect a wall, makes outside square inside the circle and matches circularly square parlance in the sky.Each wall has four sets of lings the star door and is one by one in order a Tai dollar, Zhao Heng, wide benefit and becomes Zhen from the east, each three, there are total of 24, be called "cloud jade in the door signs".Everyone can notice, the sizes of Ling star door are all different, this the medium door is that God is appropriative, so Gao Da Dun;Emperor can get into from the door of left side;But other officials can pass from the door of the right side's least.But a platform out of the door is an emperor to replace a place of fiesta and wash before fiesta big Dian in the sky, be called to have a set.Arrived at Yuan Qiu altar bottom, we are starting ascending an altar right away, however I ask you to pay attention to each altar noodles to have how much step.Arrived the tallest layer, everyone also all discovered, on the altar all step numbers, protecting all of plank numbers is 9 or 9 multiples.Ascend 1 F each time, have to have the 9 F the step, the being called of slab of stone middle of the set noodles a sky, heart stone, the outer circle first carves 9 turns of huge fan-shaped slab of stones, the second is 18 pieces of, the rest can be deduced accordingly, arrived outermostly the ninth exactly 81 piece;And everyone lift up head and then can see of rounding and protecting the plank be been divided into four parts by the on all sides step, each part's also all hasing 9 pieces, but intermediately rounding to protect plank is 18 pieces of, the lower is 27 pieces, these all strangely fits?Of course not BE, because according to yin and yang 5 line to say, 9 is pole sun number, so the craftsman in ancient times then uses this number gives the Yuan Qiu the set idea to read top of lofty.
Finished saying an absolute being altar of marvellous, I at give you the introduction for a while a fiesta the grand occasion of big Dian in the sky.Arrived the Winter Solstice in every year, emperor will at my fiesta sky.Two days before the big Dian, the emperor wants to carry on a fast in the National Palace Museam, and is also Winter Solstice a day ago till the third day, the Zhai temple that will arrive Altar of Heaven carried on a fast.Winter Solstice that day, before sunrise seven engrave, 4:00 A.M. in nowadays is many, move to report hour, emperor drives, and the clock building of the Zhai temple northeast Cape starts striking bell.To have a set to wash to change dress, the absolute being cards all send to the position that the set noodles corresponds, is also seven sets of spirit tablets, call seven Wos;In the Yuan before the Qiu Fan firewood stove up put a cow Du, burn with the loose Fan, southwest of hope a light pole and hope light Gao Xuan, spark a Pan dragon all night treasure wax, arrange and play music a brigade on square in Tainan, match with and moderate Shao joy, martial in the text under the accompanying of official hierarchy, fiesta big Dian in the sky formal beginning, emperor from south Ling star the left door ascend an altar, the bell stops at this time and arrived second floor south the side after doing obeisance a station good wait for and take charge of a great person and report an instrument distance.Read into the text of wishing of emperor God in the sky respectfullly.Rite after ending, spirit tablet the contribution of the front send to a Fan firewood respectively stove(withdraw the next sacrificial offering to again burn from the positive Wo time, the emperor also wants a side to sign eyes to see respectfullly and is called to hope Liao) and Liao stove(the altar of Yuan Qiu totally have 12 Liao stoves and axe in the Yi north side, westward arrange 8 from the east;Inside round to protect the wall thing Ling star outside in the door each have 1 rightness.From go together with a Wo time under the car of the sacrificial offering send to respectively 8 burn inside the Liao stove, but four the sacrificial offering from the Wo time send to the Ling star place in the door)burn, the smoke Teng is empty, symbolize to send to forehead.And then still want oxtail, ox hair and cow the blood send to a Yi hole to bury, the symbol doesn't forget ancestry Ru hair to drink an idea of blood.On this ceremony, what to need to be mentioned specially is an emperor to respectfullly read to wish the place that the text stands, be just say of the set noodles heart stone in the sky in the center.He is an altar of heaven three horselaughs to learn one of the phenomena.The orotund and special Hong is bright, and is also similar here now when here read aloud, each visitor might as well realize this geezer effects and also is like the emperor in those early years, and upward the sky tells his/her own fine wishes.
We continue now along the medium stalk line runs about, the building of in front is called for a sky, database, but its main temple is the emperor's Qiong Yu.The emperor Qiong Yu sets up during clear nine years of Jia Jing and at first is called Tai sanctuary, 17 years, change name to the emperor of now Qiong Yu, its function is the place that deposits the altar of Yuan Qiu to offer sacrifices to lord absolute being in normal times, so here also call the Yuan Qiu altar bedchamber.What positive circular stone on the stage inside the palace puts is the emperor's God in the sky's absolute being card, while four square stone on the stages of front two sides put of then eight ancestry absolute being lord, and the thing goes together with a palace to use to deposit from sacrifice spirit tablet.And emperor Qiong Yu three words also represented into respectively high highest, sky, the meaning in the cosmos, display its heavenliness more and sovereign.
It is a building art value very high palace, total present circular, underneath 2.85 meters in height of the circular beard Mi, build for the green white stone, have the of three southeast western directions the Bi, is also a step, but still have the stone of Dan Bi of two dragon drama beads to the Bi at the south.The last side is a blue tube tile list Yan Zan sharp Liu gold treasure crest.But there are still in the palace eight Yan pillars and eight gold pillars, the big palace is on-the-shelf to have no horizontal beam to accept to give, all is depend each kind of Dou arch in multiple layers ascend fold to prop up, at every step constringency, formed elegant dome of Qiong Long thus.The side still made use of the lever principle in the physics here.This building not only very elegant, and still have echo wall and three sound stones, this and just we say of the sky heart stone matches to call Altar of Heaven three horselaughs learn a phenomenon.The echo wall is the outside wall of the Qiong Yu of emperor, the fence constructs of whet the brick carries a body towards sewing, very smooth, being a good voice, can transmit sound and on the way to deliver lose to the voice smallest, as long as towarding a wall to talk, even if be separated 4510 meters, could not see noodles, can clearly hear the other party talking.But three sound stones then emperor Qiong Yu the big palace is three pieces of right ahead rocks, your standing on a piece of rock to clap hands can hear an echo, the second rock can hear two, but the third can hear three echos, so be called three sound stones.At afterwards someone is called it three the stone take world person just three just of meaning.
Probably you just had been already noticed and Altar of Heaven had quite a few cypress, quite good, it look like a natural oxygen in Peking.But have one the stub Kuai about 500 years old among this many ancient cypresses the cypress is the Kowloon cypress of the echo wall west wall outside.Its tree trunk veins is very unusual, spread all over gutters, and revolved distortion, seemed 9 Pan Long Chan round a frolic, so calling its cypress in Kowloon be really at 1:00 also not excessively.
After sight-seeing the altar of Yuan Qiu and emperor Qiong Yu, we will soon walk into altar in the Qi valley, while our foot link two altars now of is the bridge of Dan Bi, also be called a sea Man big way, and it is also the only passage that the emperor ascends altar in the Qi valley, grow360meters, is divided into three ways on the bridge noodles, in-between is Shinto, the east is to resist a way, west of is right way.But it is a passage why want to be called bridge again?This has two kinds of parlances, 1 kind is to say road noodles southern low north Gao, rise steadily, seem to connect with each other with sky of bridge;But saying that the road noodles underneath sets up into a Sheng door and is similar to an interchange is another , so call that it is a bridge.Make reference to into a Sheng door, be before offering sacrifices to, the cow sheep all want to pass bridge under of a coupon door be arrived to 500 meters outside of kill a Sheng station to slaughter, make into to provide an article, so this passage is also called jaws of death, because of a go in have dead don't born.
Like, return to a positive, present in front of you now of is complete buildings of altar in the Qi valley.Front of the stone set is to have a set, in the Meng Spring Prayers valley in every year before offering sacrifices to, the emperor according to practice still needs to arrive at to build a Wo time here and washes to change dress, so here still have small gold palace of call.
Arrive this, the corpus building Qi year palace of altar in the Qi valley appeared in front of us.The base of the Qi year his highness is the circular stone of the 3 F set, but in the front side 3 F stone step, is decorated with a huge ectype respectively, be called before the palace the stone carving of Dan Bi.From bottom on contents respectively BE:Rui cloud mountain sea, double Feng-shan sea, double Long Shan Hai.The pattern of each drain and the contents of the ectype are also to should.The thing both sides go together with palace to have nine, is an emplacement from sacrifice the place of spirit tablet, however at Jing year in home, moved them to first an agriculture altar, so also have no actual use here now.But the Qi year palace is the special building that a pole has Chinese special feature.Circular three heavy Yan Zan point roof upward built-up constringency, all use a blue glazed tiles overlay, symbolize a sky with this.The coping is the Liu gold treasure crest, the title looks upwards and would is Long Feng Zao's well, and the center is the pattern that Long Feng becomes Xiang.But huge 3 F palace crest be depend inside the palace of 28 fall to the ground pillar to prop up of, in the center of four pillars named pillar in longjing, the southeast and northwest direction represented a summer autumn of spring respectively winter;But 12 red paint golds of pillar outer circle in longjing 12 partitioned by pillar open and then represented a year of 12 monthses respectively;2424 solar divisions that open to have respectively and represent for a year of outside two wreaths;At the same time, this 28 big pillars, also represented 28 constellations on the sky.It is said that this Qi year palace follows an ancient clear hall design to construct.At feel deeply about inside the palace architecturally at the same time, also make us transfer attention palace gradually of display to come up.Here of display is resume according to the Manchu Dynasty salty plentiful year of original shape, positive vulture oblation of throne dragon wear of is the emperor that full man matches Bi sky emperor absolute being version, or so stone on the stage oblation of two sides of is eight Manchu Dynasty ex- spirit tablets of emperors.
And the fiesta of every year the sky is similar, the place used to a Qi valley here.At offer sacrifices to of that very day, if there is music band, the platform is outside the palace up play music, wear the emperor godliness that the fiesta takes to follow sanctuary, go a big gift to the spirit tablet, orison heaven, then provide article the Fan firewood for sending to Qi outside east in the door for year the stove and Liao stove burn and send the God temple.Etiquette in the Qi valley and fiesta sky of about.
Get here, the Qi year palace also about finishes speaking, and its still hasing a subsidiary building, function and emperor Qiong Yu is just about, also the place that deposits altar in the Qi valley to offer sacrifices to an absolute being lord, a Gan palace of the emperor of the Qi year palace north side.
We came out from the eastern door of Qi valley altar now, can see a long gallery that connected Yan ridge, there are total of 72, was so called 72 building of connectings, it not only used to link the absolute being kitchen absolute being database, but also is also the passage that offered sacrifices to luck to send sacrificial offering, is growing the eastern head of gallery, be killed a Sheng station, be front once said the animal main route of jaws of death comes to slaughter here.But is growing the southeast direction of gallery, there are eight pieces of huge granites and be called seven star stones, is all stone in the geomancy town.But assign name to have eight pieces of rocks here why call seven stars?Originally Ming Dynasty here put of really is seven pieces of rocks, but a cake of of least then the Manchu dynasty increase last.Concerning seven star stones of the parlance each dynasty is all different.In the Ming Dynasty, there is a Taoist priest saying with the emperor Qi for year the directions of palace isn't good, disadvantage is at the nation, so the right here put to symbolize seven pieces of rocks of Great Dipper.But in the Manchu dynasty, Kangxi emperor for loving to lately feel the Luo to look for from the northeast to the full clan such as lord Central plains of theory basis, send a person to investigate mountain range, discover that Mount Taishan is long white the remaining vein of the mountain, so the northeast in originally seven pieces of rocks have already put a bit of son granite and symbolized northeast long white mountain, if press this kind of parlance, those eight pieces of rocks should be called seven Feng east Yue.
Temporary ignore they how hard conclusion.Today's sightseeing tour will end, at Altar of Heaven of the time hope to become your Peking, it visits medium abyss of time memory.Also ask you to bring your family's friend the wish of altar of heaven at the same time.