批判性思维和解决问题的能力

Critical thinking and problem solving skills

One.the connotation of critical thinking Critical thinking is "to decide what to believe or do reasonable and reflection of thinking".

People with critical thinking in the cognitive tend to have the following abilities: one is found that the problem, gather information, analyze data, evaluate the ability of evidence; The second is to identify facts and opinions and differences between logic judgment ability; Three is to be able to find universal law, and evaluate the degree of its logical ability; Four is correct and clear reasoning, and the ability of effective interpretation conclusions. Of critical thinking, in the aspect of thinking also has many characteristics, such as not hasty, not blindly follow, for problem resolv'd; Keep the attitude of curiosity and questioning. Aware of their prejudice, discrimination, pay attention to overcome these biases affect judgment; An open attitude to the rational view of the various point of view, to understand other people, willing to correct their views.

Two.How to let students learn critical thinking

1. The problem of knowledge is "pulled"

Critical thinking at the core of the focus on "criticism" two characters. A fact or phenomenon once our senses to receive, we first need to do is to ask questions. Train the students' ability to ask questions, is the first step in training students' critical thinking ability. And the "q", directly determines the effect of critical thinking: hit the nail on the head or to differences in asking only.

Today's understanding of "heuristic teaching" there has been a big mistake, that is the teacher as the main body of classroom questioning, one-sided think teachers need to "inspired" with carefully designed problems students to carry on the corresponding thinking, this is actually deprived students found the problem, ask questions from the living examples of power, lead to students in the process of acquiring knowledge relies too much on explicit problem rather than the source of the problem -- practice, has also led to the lack of students' critical thinking.

2. The answer by discussing "battle"

Students receiving external knowledge efficiently, reasonable analysis and comprehensive summary of ability are the important aspects of critical

thinking training. As the leader of class teaching, teachers should be from as many sources and Angle for the students to create conditions of access to information, and provide students with diverse thinking environment.

Group work activities to the implementation of a simple and effective way is widely used by teachers. On the one hand, group activities to make the

teachers' classroom mastery moved to the students, increase the chances of a student to carry on the training of thinking; To absorb knowledge, on the other hand, through the in-depth interaction between students, details and

systematic. At the same time, the students understanding of the knowledge and the structure is also more fully and perfect.

Group work activities should be unique, according to its target points, mainly has "group discussion", "cooperation" and "cooperation

demonstration" three forms. "group discussion" mainly through brainstorming, deepen the understanding of new concept, or to find a solution to the problem. "cooperation" means of 3 ~ 4 students group, using new concepts and to

demonstrate skills, design or creative work. "cooperation demonstration" insist on team division of labor cooperation, use of multimedia technology show team results to the class. In general, the writing of "cooperation" results will be made through the way of "cooperation" demonstration display.

3. The context from the inductive"comb"

Knowledge of systemic and completeness is one of the important indexes to judge the students professional qualification. However, the above you'll learn to ask, you'll learn theory, you'll learn to do, due to its starting point is a starting point for teachers, or a particular instance, so the student to obtain the corresponding knowledge will be scattered. In order to overcome this problem, and complete the critical thinking education MSC step, guided by teachers "induction" link is key to an important link of the teaching effect. This is particularly important to study the basic knowledge of natural science. As a result, the students are encouraged to use the power of thinking and practice absorbs vast amounts of information and gain first-hand knowledge at the same time, teachers must be how to integrate knowledge, extracting key

points, and eventually form a logically complete theoretical system of teaching methods.

4. The effect in practice "rating"

Critical thinking is a science about the practice, this is the only by the goal of critical thinking, namely "deciding what to believe or what to do". Both the "what" is closely connected with practice, the former is the previous, or the practice of the people around you, or is about to practice scheme, even for the exist only in the thinking of the abstract theory, can also be used to thinking in practice; While the latter is to use critical thinking to subject itself or has been carried out in practice. However, the practice of different critical thinking ability of the need to use different. Therefore, as an effective classroom to training

students' critical thinking, the request content must stick to the practice of "diversity" and "controversial" the two centres.

Students do the actual problem ability of exploration reflects its

cultivation of critical thinking. Have good critical thinking ability of students, can keen insight into the crux of the problem, and have the ability to put forward effective solutions. In the process of teaching, school and teachers should be devoted to manufacturing for students plenty of opportunity to show and exercise.

In short, in order to change the education of our country the insufficiency of the critical thinking ability training of grim situation, finally achieve the goal of cultivating a large number of creative talents, teachers must actively explore effective advanced class teaching pattern, provides students with the indirect acquisition way of critical thinking, so that the students in the learning process can be effectively train their critical thinking, let the classroom become

students of the brain's training ground, so as to improve the teaching quality.