小学生四年级英语语法
小学英语语法
一、 名词
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西。
(一)、可数名词和不可数名词
所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词 如果名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。
1、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式,。以元音开头的单词用an 表示一个如 an arm,以辅音开头的单词用a表示一个如:a triangle
2、不可数名词不能与a(an)连用,没有复数形式如meat, rice, water, milk,不能说 a milk,但是可以与 some 连用 如 some milk,some water 3、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______
二、 动词
1. be动词:主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加
否定句:主语 be not 其它。否定形式: am not,are’t, isn’t 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。
如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如: I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如: He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如: - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
动词 单三的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
动词用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ wash_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He ________(watch) TV at home. 2.She _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4.Ken _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. What ______you_______(do) after school? 7. He _______(read) books every day.
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(talk) together every day 11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) a small spoon.
14. You _______(do) your homework well.after school 15. He _______(do) his homework well.after school 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons one day 20. -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday 三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing. 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.假如末尾是一个辅音字母,一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
make__________ like________ write________ dance_________ love____________ play________ sing ________ have_________
put_________ run__________let ________ sit ________ swim _________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ see________ _do_________
begin________ shop___________ go_________ read________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a square now. 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing) .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is lili doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 6 o’clock now. We _____________(have )breakfast now
六、人称代词和物主代词
习题
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2. The coat is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. 二、用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they?