高中英语状语从句专题训练题
高中英语状语从句专题训练题
【网络构建】
§状语从句的定义与功能:
在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句,修饰主句的谓语动词,形容词或副词。
⑥ Father looked after the children while mother was away.
【重点提示】
★ while 也可以用作并列连词, 连接两个并列句,“而, 另一方面”
She likes music, while I like sports.
He is diligent while his brother is idle.
★while 还可以解释为“只要” While there is life, there is hope.
★While 还可以解释为 ―尽管, 虽然” While respected, she in not liked.
(3) as 引导的时间状语从句既可以表示一段时间(同延续性动词连用),也可以表示点时间(同非延续性动词连用)。但as 引导的从句更强调主从句的同时发生。
⑦As the sun rose, the fog dispersed.(太阳升起, 浓雾散去) 。
⑧As it grew darker, it became colder.
⑨As she came to know him better, she relied on him more.
如果这里使用when, 就会完全失去同时并进或肩并肩发展的意义。 【特别重点提示】
★when 从句与主句动作先后发生时, 不能与while, as 互换, ★When 从句动词为终止性动词时不能与while 替换.
When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.
此句中的when 也不用as 替代,因为as 从句为终止性动词时, ★当从句的谓语动词是延续性动词时, when, while, as .
While/When/As we were still laughing, the teacher came in.
★当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词, 和as 通用, 而且用as 比用when 更为紧凑, 有“正当,这时 ”的含义。
He came just as (when) I reached the door.
★两个进行时的长动作相并列进行的时候, ,但as 不可用。
Xiao Y 都可使用, 但as 更能突出“一边---一边”的含义。
★as 这、时的as 相当于when 但不可以用when.
★以如果时态是一般将来时,用一般现在时替代。
2.till/until
till 和until 主要有下列两种用法。
(1) come, go, enter, return, start, reach, finish,等,主句
从句用肯定式, ― not---until‖结构。
(2) 如 ―stay, remain‖等,主句用肯定式。
Y ou may stay here until the rain stops.
【重点提示】
★ until(较正式) 引出的介词短语和从句可以放在主句之前, 也可以置于其后。另外, 当
指一段时间,多用到它。
Until you told me I had no idea of it.
We remained in ignorance of it until recently.
★ till 多用于口语。 till 引出的介词短语和从句一般不能放在句首。此外, 指某一时间点
多用它。
I shall wait till ten o’clock.
I did not know till then.
★ 以till/until 引导的状语从句,如果时态是一般将来时,用一般现在时替代。
I won’t leave until my mother comes back.
3. as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly的用法。 这几个词连接的从句都表示主从句的动作相继发生, 间隔很短,“一---就--- ”
I 【重点提示】
★如果表示过去发生的动作, 主从句均用一般过去时。
The moment I saw her, I knew that she was ill.
★以以上连词引导的状语从句,
4. no sooner ---than, hardly---when, scarcely---when
这几个短语的词义和用法基本一样,都表示“刚---就---”
① ② ③ 【重点提示】
上述句子可相应改为:
5. since
以since
① ②
②★引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是瞬间动词,则表示“自从这个动作的开始”以来; 若是延续性或状态性的动词则表示“自从这个动作的结束”以来。
① How long is it since you worked here? 你不在这儿工作已经几年了?
② It is 3 years since I was ill. 我病愈以来已经3年了。
③ It is just a week since we arrived here. 我到这儿已经一周了。
6.by
―by---‖ “到---时候为止”,已发生或出现某情况, 谓语动词多用完成时态。
① Perhaps she has recovered by now.
② By the time (that) I got home yesterday, my mother had prepared dinner.
③ By the end of next week, we will have left this country.
【重点提示】
★有时谓语动词用一般时态(多和be 等表示状态的动词连用)
① By then he was more than 50 years of age.
② By this time next year, you ought to have a very good knowledge of English
① Where there is a will, there is a way.
② I like to live where the weather is pleasant.
③ She follows him wherever he goes.
④ Sit wherever you like.
【重点提示】
★ 不要和where 引导的定语从句相混淆。
We shall go where working conditions are difficult.(状语从句)
We shall go to the place where working conditions are difficult.(定语从句)
★ wherever 有时候的意思是“ 究竟什么地方”(=where ever)
Wherever did you find it?
IV . 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词有:if, unless, so/as long as(只要) ,in case (如果,万一) ,if only( 要是,只要) ,provided/proving (that) (假如) , on condition that (只要) , suppose/supposing(that)(假定)
① I’ll go there so long as he invites me.
② In case I forget, please remind me about it.( 如果我忘了, 请提醒我)
③ Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.( 带把伞吧, 万一下雨)
④ If only he has a chance, he will do great things.⑤ S uppose/Supposing(that) he can’t come, who will do the work?
⑥ 【重点提示】
★同时间状语从句一样,条件状语从句如果表示将来时间, ★ in case 如位于句首,意思是“假如”
V .方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有:as (正如---)(仿佛, 好象),just as---so (像---那样) ① Please do as I do.
② The child talks as if he were a man.
③ ④
⑤
【重点提示】
as if/as though 但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实VI. so that(为了,以便) ,that,( 以便) in order that(为了,以便) in case (以防), lest(以免)
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ Take your raincoat in case it rains.
⑥ He put his money in the safe for fear that it should/may be stolen.
【重点提示】
目的状语从句的谓语动词通常含有may, might, can, could, should , would 等情态动词 VII. 结果状语从句.
引导结果状语从句的连词有: so(结果), so that (结果), that(结果) so---that (如此---以致于) ,
such---that---(如此---以致于).
① Nothing more was heard of him, so people thought that he was dead.
没有再听到他的消息,所以人们都认为他死了。
② She worked very hard, that she became rich in a very short time.
③ The train was so full that I could hardly turn around.
④ He is such an honest woman that everybody trusts her.
⑤ He worked very hard, so that he passed the examination.
【重点提示】
目的状语从和结果状语从句的区别是:
★引导目的状语从句时前面不用逗号, 而引导结果状语从句时前面常用逗号
★目的状语从句中常用can, could, may, might, will , would, should 句中一般没这类词。
Ⅸ. 让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有:though, although, even if/though不管怎样) ,whatever (无论什么) ,wherever, 尽管) ,if(虽然) , when (虽然) whether---(or not)(不管是---还是---)
①
②
③ Eve n though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.
④ ⑤ Whatever you do, do it well.
⑥ Y ⑦ ⑧
⑨ (尽管我喜欢那帽子的颜色,我
⑩ (虽然有车可乘,但他通常步行)
【重点提示】
★ though
though 而位于句首或句未。
与even ,as 连用,构成even though, as though 短语,而although 不可以。 可以放在句未, 作副词,“然而,但是 ”,但是although 不可以。
● 还可以用在表示让步的倒装结构中,表示“尽管”, 而although 不可以。
Child though/as he is, he know a lot.
Tired though/as he was, he went on working.
Ⅹ. 比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有:as/so---as, than, the +比较级---+the +比较级
① He got up as late as his brother (did).
② He is not so /as tall as you (are).
③ She went to school earlier than Tom did.
④ The longer you stay here, the more you will learn.
⑤ He is as tall as I (me).
⑥ He is taller than I (me).
【重点提示】
★ 比较从句部分常常是省略句, 如上述的①②
★ 当as 或than 引导的从句的主语为人称代词时可以用主格也可用宾格,如上述的⑤⑥ ★ 比较级前面可加一些表示程度的状语,如:much, very much, far, a lot, lots, a deal,
twice, 20%, a bit, a little, rather, slightly, still, even等。
§状语从句中某些成分的省略
在以when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, whether 语有be , 而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it 时,则从句的主语和be
① When (water is) heated, water is turned into vapour.
② Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning.
③ Errors, if (there are) any, should be corrected.
④ When (I am) in trouble, I always turn to her for help.
⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ 【点击真题】
【例1】
--- ---
上海)
【答案】b.
【解析】 你不可以打扰我。相当于: No matter whether
, you mustn’t disturb me. 所以d 项不能选择。a 和c 项明显不对。
---Y (NMET 2003北京春季)
【答案】c.
【点拨】本题考查连词在具体语境下的使用
【解析】本题的意境是: “直到成了年级的最佳学生后,父亲才表扬了他。”这正好与第一句
的“父亲对他的要求严格”相符合。never---until---想当于 not ---until.故选c.
【例3】
Don’t be afraid of asking for help___ it is needed.
a. unless b. since c. although d. when (NMET 2003)
【答案】d.
【点拨】本题考查状语从句中关联词的用法。
【解析】a, c 两项明显不对。b 项的迷惑性较大,既可以作为“自从”又可以作为“既然,因
为”解,但是作为“既然,因为”解的时候常常放在句首。故选d, 作“当---时候”解。
【例4】
He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation ____ it got worse.
a. until b. when c. before d. as (NMET 2003北京)
【答案】c.
【例5】
Come and see me whenever___.
a. you are convenient b. you will be convenient
c. it is convenient to you d. it will be convenient to you.
【答案】c
【点拨】本题考查whenever 引导的时间状语从句。
【解析】先排除b 和d, “对你如
方便的话”应说成“be c.
【例6】
A a. when b. unless c. after d. until (NMET 2003 上海)
【答案】d
【点拨】本题考查连词词义。【解析】根据题意,”其他均不符
合题意。
【例7】
(NMET2002上海)
【答案】c
c. ―so that---― 意为“以便,为了”,引导目的状语从句,a, b 和c 不
【例8北京)
a. as a big house as b. as big a house as c. the same big house d. a house the same big as
【答案】b
【点拨】本题考查比较状语从句结构中的句词位置问题。
【解析】可以将名词置于比较结构中间, 也可将比较结构作后置定语置于名词之后。如:our neighbour has as big a house as ours.或our neighbour has a house as big as ours. 选项c ,d 都错,因为the same 后面常跟名词。
【拓展演练】
基础过关题
1. I had been looking for the book for two days____ I found it at last.
a. until b. when c. before d. while
2. He punished his students ____ they did anything wrong.
a. however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever
3. Those passengers will wait here____ the bus arrives.
a. until b. because c. though d. as
4. Hardly had we reached home ____ it began to rain.
a. before b. than c. as soon as d. when
5. No sooner had we arrived at the cinema___ the film began.
a. than b. before c. when d. as soon as
6. Y ou can’t watch TV ____ you’ve finished your homework.
a. since b. until c. as d. after
7. We had scarcely left our school____ the rain began.
a. before b. than c. while d. when
8. a. when b. as c. since d. while
9. a. 10. a.
a.
12..---
---
a. a. a. 16. ____ we were staying in China , we saw many interesting things.
a. Since b. While c. After d. During
17. I got up early___ I might catch the first bus.
a. in order that b. in case c. for fear that d. now that
18. _____ we had been invited to the party, we wore our best clothes.
a. Though b. If c. Even if d. As
19. ―How soon will you be able to finish your homework?‖
―____‖
a. After two hours b. In two hours c. Two hours later d. For two hours
20. You may use the book as you like,___ you keep it clean.
a. as soon as b. for c. as long as d. as well as
能力提高题
1. _____ I like the color of that hat, I don’t like its shape.
a. That b. While c. So long as d. So
2. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome the difficulty,____ great it is.
a. what b. however c. whatever d. how
3. I have told the story just____ it happened.
a. as b. if c. then d. when
4. We found people friendly____ we went.
a. to which b. in which c. wherever d. to where
5. The day breaks, ____ the birds are singing.
a. because b. as c. since d. for
6. It was 12 ____ they finished the work.
a. since b. which c. that d. when.
7a. That b. where c. which d. when
8---What was the party like?
a. a.
a. a.
a. ---I see. We will carry on with it _____ we can get enough money.
a. until b. unless c. whether d. however
15. Someone called me up in the middle of the night but they hung up____ I could answer the phone. a. as b. since c. until d. before
16.---It’s a long time___ I saw you last.
---Y es, and what a pity it is since it will be a long time___ we see each other again!
a. before, since b. when, when c. since, before d. when ,then
17. He whispered to his wife___ he might wake up the sleeping baby.
a. so that b. on condition that c. for fear that d. so long as
18. I won’t give you any help ____ you tell me the truth. It’s none of my business.
a. unless b. since c. if d. even if
19. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice_____ I picked up the phone.
a. immediately b. quickly c. suddenly d. hurriedly
20. ---Can I join you in the game?
---Sorry, not____ you have finished your homework.
a. if b. since c. unless d. that
高考冲刺题
1. I thought things would get better, but_____ it is they are getting worse.
a. before b. because c. as d. after
a. as if b. even c. though d. if
3. ---When did he leave the classroom?
a. the minute b. the time c. until d. before
a. a. c. As he loves her much a. 7. ---
8.a.
a. 10.
a. even if b. since c. whether d. until
11. I have kept that portrait ___ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.
a. which b. where c. whether d. when
12.---Are you sure that you have met him before?
---____ I am mistaken.
a. If b. Since .c. Unless d. More than
13.I don’t think I will need any money but I will bring some___.
a. at last b. in case c. once again d. in time
14.---I’d like to invite you to my new house next weekend.
---Thank you, but ___ I’ll have time I am not sure at the moment.
a. when b. as c. in case d. unless
15.---Have some Maotai, please.
---No, thanks. It’s 3 years ___ I drank.
a. before b. since c. after d. when
16. John knocked at the door for nearly five minutes ___ his wife opened.
a. when b. before c. until d. while
17. We hadn’t been out for long ___ she felt sick.
a. as b. when c. while d. after
18. His success is ___ by talent as by energy.
a. not so much b. so not much c. much not so d. so much not
a. while b when c after d. as
a. as b. while c. the moment d. the more
答案与解析
基础过关题
1. 答c. 这里的before 意为“过了(多久)才---”。本句意为“这本书我找了两天才找到”。其他选项中,a 项最具迷惑性, 但此项不对,因为在until/not---until 的句型中,until 前面一般不接表示具体的一段时间状语,而此题中有for two days 的具体时间状语。
2. 答b. 本句的语意为:无论学生什么时候做错事,他都要惩罚他们。However 后一般跟形容词或副词。whatever 也不对,因为从句中已经有了anything wrong, 如要用whatever, 应说成whatever wrong they did. 如果选用whichever, 就要有一定的范围。如:Y them.
3. 答a. 根据题意只能选a.
4. 答d. hardly ---when 是固定用法,表示“一---就---”
5. 答a. no sooner---than---是固定用法,表示“一---就---”
6. 答b. 只有until 7. 答d. scarcely---when----=hardly---when
8. 答c. 注意本句的时态, c. 本句意为“自从她去另一城市工作以来,我们再也没见过她”
9. 答 a. 解析同上。
10. 答b. be about to do ---when--- ---就在这时---”
11. 答a. the moment ---在此作as soon as 12. 答c. 从应答语“No‖中得到暗示:
13. 答a. 从答语 I don’t know what 作。
14. 答d. where
15答a. as 引导的原因状语从句一般不放在句首。
16. 答b. ---时候 ”解。
17答“为了,以便”;in case ―万一” 与题意不符;
; now that ―既然‖ , 也与句意不符, 而且它引导的从句往往在句首.
18. 答d. a ; 如用b 项(if),则原句的主从句时态不符合逻辑;
c if) ; 本句的语意是: 因为我们是被邀请参加晚会的, 所以我.
19. ―how soon‖ ―再过多久‖, 往往用于将来时, 所以在答语中表示一段时间后要用‖
20. 答都表示 ―只要‖
能力提高题
1. 答b. while 在此表示“尽管,虽然” 相当于although/though. 又如: while(she is ) respected, she is not liked.
2. 答b. 本题的关键词是横线后的形容词great. however great it is =no matter how great it is.
What 和whatever 后都不能直接跟形容词或副词; how 后可以跟形容词或副词, 但为本句的句法所不容。
3.
4.
5.
6. 答a. as ―就像‖ ―就如同‖ , 后接方式状语从句. 其他选项均与原题意不符. 答c. 本句相当于: No matter where we went, we found people friendly. 答d. 本题是从结果推断出原因, 不是表示直接的从原因导致结果, 故选 for. 答d. 本题中的it 指时间. it 指时间外还可指天气, 环境, 距离等. 又如: They live on a 7. 答d. when 在本题中的意思是:在---的情况下。本题意为: 在你已经找到了一份好工作
的情况下,你为什么还要另找工作呢?
8. 答d. 答语中的关键词是:great(太棒了的语
意是: 我好几年没这样开心过了。
9. 答c. the first time 相当于when ---for the first time. 选项a 少了定冠词the. b 状语 如:In Oct,1968 I met him for the first time. 选项d (by the time) 但我就认为她很好,很老实。
10. 答b. 本句是where 引导的让步状语从句, 相当于 11. 答c. 本题的关键词是may . ―John 今天会打电话来。话来。‖ 其他选项均与题意不符.
12. 答d. 本题考查however :
However +adj/adv + 从句主语+谓语, + 如 13. 答b. 本题的语意是: .
14. 答c. ― .
15. 答d. ―‖
16. 答c. I t’s/has been + 自从---以来已经---时间了)
It will be +再过多久才---)
作 因为‖解.
17. 答 ; 担心‖. 本题中的其他选项不符合原意逻辑.
18. 答 ― It’s none of my business.‖ ―这不关我的事‖. 表示无论怎样我都不
even if 为最佳答案. ―即使你告诉了我事情的真相, 我也
19. 答是个连词, 相当于 as soon as/ the moment/ directly等.
20. 答c. , 相当于: Sorry, you can’t join us in the game unless you have
finished your homework.
高考冲刺题
1. 答c. as it is 是个固定短语, ― 根据现在/这时情况看; 就现在这样子‖
又如: We were hoping to have a holiday next week--- as it is , we may not be able to get away.
我们一直盼望下星期放假--- 看样子, 走不了了.
2. 答c. 本句为省略句, 补充完整为: Their test, though (it was ) light as a feather, remained firm in
the storm last night. 选项a 语法上成立, 但与题意不符; 选项b(even) 不能作为连词使用来引导从句; 选项d(if) 语法上成立, 但与题意不符.
3. 答a. the moment = as soon as / the moment/ directly 是连词 ―一---就—.‖ 选项b 不能作连词引导从句. 如用c 项 until , 原句应改为: He didn’t leave until you turned back to write on the blackboard. 选项d 意思根本不对。
4. 答b. 本题可转换为: In France dogs can go to any place where their owners can (go) because people there love pets very much. 此题中的anywhere = to any place where . 正如 where 引导状语从句时,相当于: to/in the place where--- 一样。其他选项中,最具迷惑性的是a 项 where---, 此项不能选择,是因为 no matter where---只能引导让步状语从句,place where---之意。
5. 答d. although 不能用于倒装结构,所以排除b 项。a 项中的词序不对, loves her ; c 项尽管在语法上正确(因为他很爱她)
6. 答c. 本题是从结果推断出原因, 7. 答d. 本题的语意是:别人是弱项的地方,他是强项。
8. 答c. ―It is/will be +一段时间+before ---‖ /---”。
本题的语意“他过了几秒钟就回来了”
9. 答d. so long as =as long as “只要”
10. 答a. ―even if ”表示让步。”
11. 答b. 是”
12. 答c. 本句是省略回答:13. 答b. ―in case‖ 但是我还是会带一些的,以防万一。 ―at last‖ ―最终‖,但at last 常常表示“经
By heavens! It’s rai)
14. 答a. 。注意:本句中宾语从句提前(when ,正常语序为:I am not sure at the moment when 15. 答
“It is +瞬间动词) 与It is +一段时间+since –(延续性或状态性动词) ”的“自从那个动作的开始以来”,而后者则表示“自从那个动作的结束以来”。 我戒酒以来已三年了”
16. 答John 敲门敲了无分钟他的妻子才来开门。” 其他选项中,c 项最until/not---until 的句型中,until 前面一般不接表示具体的一段时间状语,而此题中有for nearly five minutes 的具体时间状语。
17. 答b. 这里的when 相当于and at that time 或and then, 是个并列连词。具有这种用法时是as/while 所无法替代的。如选用after, 则就会发现原句中的主从句时态相矛盾。
18. 答a. 本句是同级比较的否定结构,not so/as---as---; 本句意为:他的成功多靠他的努力,而不是天才。
19. 答d. as 引导的时间状语从句,更突出强调“随着”“一边---一边”,如用when 或while 则
无此效果。
20. 答d. 本题的关键词是“better ”,表示一个过程;本句相当于:The more we looked at the oil painting, the more we liked it.