聚四氟乙烯衬里设备的制作与检验
第29卷第3期2003年9月
化工设计通讯
Chemical Engineering Design Communications
Vol.29 No.3Sept.2003
聚四氟乙烯衬里设备的制作与检验
章秋香
(温州市工业设计院, 浙江 温州 325003)
摘要:对聚四氟乙烯衬里设备的制作关键作了基本的
介绍,对其设备本体及衬里层提出了基本要求。
关键词:设备;聚四氟乙烯;衬里设备;检验
中图分类号: TQ050.4+4 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1003-6490(2003)03-0034-02
0引言
滑,几乎没有连接痕迹,具有很强的抗张强力。设备设计中,采用F4衬里的设备其基本要求有以下
聚四氟乙烯(F4),俗称塑料王,用它加工衬里设备,能抵挡(除熔融金属,三氟化氯和无素氟之外)所有强酸、强氧化剂,还原剂和各种有机溶剂的腐蚀,并能在温度-80~220℃的苛刻条件下正常使用,故而在压力容器设计过程中,F4作为衬里设备的首选,特别是耐负压的衬里设备。
目前,温州地区的防腐技术已跨上了一个新的台阶,特别在F4衬里行业,已有一定的技术力量和规模:F4衬里已能满足DN≤6 000mm,筒节高度≤5 000mm的规格。
几点:
a. 筒体与封头均采用大法兰连接,法兰密封面宽度≥30mm为宜;
b. 可在任何位置开设支管;
c. 容器内需设配栅板时,外包F4栅条之间距离应>30mm,若填料直径≤30mm,需在栅板上加置一块F4多孔板;
d. 衬里钢壳内壁应平整光滑;筒体法兰翻边口R应为10~15mm,支管法兰翻边口倒角R应为5~3mm。
F4衬里,最主要的关键问题是:
1F4衬里设备的制作
F4衬里选用进口F4料制作的板材,采用熔融
1) 如何加强F4衬里和钢壳的结合力度;2) 如何解决钢体与F4衬里两种不同材质由膨胀量悬殊而导致对F4衬里的破坏?
在生产过程中,一方面对F4板材进行预处
连接方法成形。该连接方法的效果为表面平整光
收稿日期:2003-07-04
作者简介:章秋香,女,工程师,主要从事化工设备设计工作。联系电话:0577-8884615
第3期章秋香:聚四氟乙烯衬里设备的制作与检验35
理,选用2~3mm的板材,先经过加热压轧,以增加板材分子的密度,提高其不渗透性,防止介质中水分子渗透而造成衬里和钢壳的分离;另一方面,在衬里工艺上进行改革,先在钢壳和F4衬里之间涂匀粘合剂,使衬里平整的敷设在钢壳内壁上,把衬里内的空气尽量排空;同时,应用波纹补偿器的制作原理,在衬里内壁上按一定间隔(根据环境需要),设置若干金属支撑环(外包F4防腐蚀层)。这些支撑环既能有效提高衬里和外壳的结合力度,又能增加衬里设备耐压的性能,更重要的是:这些支撑环是均匀设置的,而且衬里在外壳壁支撑点处形成波纹,能有效的引导F4衬里热膨胀量的均匀分布,因而有效地解决了因两种材质膨胀系数差异甚大所造成对F4衬里的破坏,扩大了F4衬里设备的应用范围,并延长了容器的使用寿命。
对于较大压力的衬里设备,可采用“钢丝聚四氟乙烯衬里”,其基本原理与上述基本相同。
2衬里设备检验
衬里设备本体按GB150-1998《钢制压力容
器》和《压力容器安全技术监察规程》进行制造和验收,合格后再进行衬里。
F4衬里设备衬里层一般以电火花检验:可选用JC-873型电火花微孔探伤仪,输出电压为5kV~30kVF(电压大小根据设计使用的F4厚度定),频率1.6×106Hz;探头在F4表面移动速度不超过50mm/s,以不击穿为合格。衬里层外观应光滑平整,无裂纹,法兰翻边处及其它转角处应色泽均匀,无泛白现象。
衬里层检验合格后,根据设计技术要求作相关试验,必要时作致密性试验。
[参 考 文 献]
[1]HG20536-93
聚四氟乙烯衬里设备[S].
[2]HGJ33-91 衬里钢壳设计技术规定[S].[3]GB150-1998
钢制压力容器[S].
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