of which用法

of whom和of which用法归纳

1. of 表示同位关系：即用于在A+of+B结构，其中的A 和B 为同位关系。如： Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，他们每周都给她打电话来。

We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof. 我们已经测试过300种靴子，没有一种是完全防水的。

2. of 表示整体与部分的关系：即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。如： He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb. 他和一队人一起去了，其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。

I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的人们，其中有几个人是大学生。

3. of 表示所属关系：即of 用于构成所有格。如：

He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我给忘了。 The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏的房子现在已经修好了。

4. of 与其他的词构成固定搭配：即of 与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。如： He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他与一位歌唱家结了婚，你可能听说过这个人。(介词of 与动词hear 构成固定搭配，意为“听说”)

注意：介词of 后面除接关系代词which, whom外，有时也可能是whose 。如：

She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一个玩具熊，它的两只眼睛都丢了。

which 特殊用法

大家都知道which 引导定语从句时，在从句中主要作主语和宾语，若要作定语时，一般要用whose 引导。

一般用法：

【which 作主语】：

Did you see the letter which came today? 你看到今天来的那封信了吗？

【which 作宾语】：

This is the book which I told you about. 这就是我跟你说过的那本书。

【whose 作定语】：

We looked at the tower whose spire was golden. 我们望着塔尖是金黄色的那座塔。 (= We looked at the tower the spire of which was golden.)

典型题： The latest model of this lap-top, ______ appearance remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one. （潍坊市二轮验收）

A. though B. which C. of which D. whose

答案：D 。考查非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中作定语，因此选whose 。 The latest model of this lap-top, whose appearance remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one. = The latest model of this lap-top, the appearance of which remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one.

【which 特殊用法】1：

※但有时which 也可作定语，这种情况很特殊，要特别关注。

I may have to go into hospital, in which case I won't be going on holiday.

我可能要住院，如果那样我就不去度假了。

She may have missed the train, in which case she won’t arrive for another hour.

她可能没有赶上火车，那样再过一个小时她也到不了。 Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.

汤姆读了四年大学，在此期间他学了法语。

I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologize.

我叫他叫错了名，我为此道歉。

典型题：

She may have missed the train, ______ she won't arrive before 5 o'clock.

A. in that case B. in which case C. in case that D. in case which

答案：B 。

【which 特殊用法】2：

※有时which 引导定语从句，在从句中作表语。 Her sister has become a lawyer, ______she wanted to be.

A. who B. that C. what D. which

答案：D 。本题考查which 在定语从句中作表语的用法。（2005年高考湖北卷）考查定语从句与名词性从句。本题C 项干扰最大。 ※句中逗号前后是两个句子，这就要求填上一个词之后能使后边这个句子成为一个从句。根据句意，这是一个非限制性定语从句而不是名词性从句，因此C 项what 排除。若把题干改为：Her sister has become a lawyer. And that is she wanted to be.这时应选what 。what 可以引导名词性从句，但不能引导定语从句。

※关系代词which 在这里引导非限定定语从句并在句中作表语，故选D 。that 则不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除B 项。who 可以引导非限制性定语从句，但先行词a lawyer在这里指的是一种职业，所以A 项不对。