全国英语等级考试PETS32014年9月3日真题

2004年9月PETS3真题及答案

PUBLIC ENGLISH TEST SYSTEM (PETS) LEVEL 3

SECTION I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

1-25 略

SECTION II Use of English ( 15 minutes)

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET I.

Text

Although

26. [ A ] fixed [ B ] designed [ C ] known [ D ] produced

27. [ A 1 measure [ B ] keep [ C ] maintain [ D ] grade

28. [ A ] policeman [ B ] suspect [ C ] person [ D ] criminal

29. [ A ] from [ B ] with [ C ] upon [ D ] in

30. [ A ] display [ B ] activity [ C ] action [ D ] flow

31. [ A ] test [ B ] research [ C ] operation [ D ] project

32. [ A ] investigated [ B ] questioned [ C ] raised [ D ] asked

33. [ A ] by [ B ] as [ C ] on [ D ] with

34. [ A ] again [ B ] behind [ C ] after [ D ] next

35. [ A ] critical [ B ] interesting [ C ] general [ D ] impossible

36. [ A ] wrong [ B ] bad [ C ] guilty [ D ] mistaken

37. [ A ] mislead [ B ] confuse [ C ] deny [ D ] cancel

38. [ A ] slowly [ B ] naturally [ C ] steadily [ D ] abruptly

39. [ A ] reliable [ B ] usable [ C ]reasonable [ D ] comprehensible

40. [ A ] other [ B ] some [ C ] any [ D ] all

41. [ A ] whether [ B ] when [ C ] where [ D ] why

42. [ A ] Untrained [ B ] Innocent [ C ] Naive [ D ] Ignorant

43. [ A ] before [ B ] about [ C ] after [ D ] at

44. [ A ] fact [ B ] case [ C ] condition [ D ] chalice

45. [ A ] beyond [ B ] through [ C ] without [ D ] against

SECTION III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes )

Part A

Directions:

Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing, A, B , C or D. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET l.

Text 1

Fifteen years ago, I entered the Boston Globe. Which was a temple to me then it wash’t easy getting hired. I had to fight my way into a dime-a-word job. But once you were there, I found, you were in.

Globe jobs were for life -- guaranteed until retirement. For 15 years I had prospered there moving from an ordinary reporter to foreign correspondent and finally to senior editor. I would have a lifetime of, security if I stuck with it.

Instead, I had made a decision to leave.

I entered my boss’s office. Would he rage? I wondered. He had a famous temper.

I reached into my coat pocket, but didn't say anything, not trusting myself just then.

I handed him a letter that explained everything. It said that I was leaving to start a new media company. That the Globe had taught me inla thousand ways. That we were at a rare turning point in history. I wanted to be directly engaged in the change.

Then I went out of his office, walking through the newsroom for more good-byes. Everybody was saying congratulations. Everybody -- even though I' d be risking all on an unfamiliar venture: all the financial security I had carefully built up.

Later, I had a final talk with Bill Taylor, chairman and publisher of the Boston Globe. He had turned the Globe into a billion-dollar property.

After a pause, he said,

46. From the passage we know that the Globe is a famous

[ A ] newspaper [ B ] magazine

[ C ] temple [ D ] church

47. If the writer stayed with the Globe,_

[ A ] he would be able to realize his lifetime dreams

[ B ] he would let his long-cherished dreams fade away

[ C ] he would never have to worry about his future life

[ D] he would never be

48. The writer wanted to resign because

[ A ] he had serious trouble with his boss

[ B ] he got underpaid at his job for the Globe

[ C ] he wanted to be engaged in the new media industry

[ D ] he had found a better paid job in a publishing house

49. When the writer decided to resign, the Globe was faced with

[ A ] a trouble with its staff members

[ B ] a shortage of qualified reporters

[ C ] an unfavorable business situation

[ D ] an uncontrollable business situation

50. By

[ A ] the writer was to fail

[ B ] the writer was stupid

[ C ] he would do the same if possible

[ D ]he would reject the writer' s request

Text 2

Over two hundred years ago, Adam Smith introduced some ideas which brought about a world revolution. If we enjoy a high standard of living in modern society, we owe much to this Scottish economist and philosopher. If we enjoy driving in beautiful cars, wearing fashionable shoes, or flying away to distant places for exciting holidays, we should perhaps pay thanks to the man who made it all possible. What was Adam Smith' s contribution? Like so many ideas which have surprising effects, his was a simple one. He watched workers practicing their craft of pin making. One man would heat the strip of metal, stretch it out, cut off an appropriate length, shape it, cool it and finally smooth and shine it. Smith drew attention to the advantages which could be gained if these various tasks were performed by different workers. Let one be responsible for preparing the metal. Another for stretching and cutting. Another for shaping. Another for finishing. He

described the technique as the Division of Labor; in this way workers repeat the same actions again and again. Smith convinced the world that specialization could solve the problem of poverty and want.

What was the result? The Industrial Revolution. Productivity was greatly increased. For Britain, where the revolution started, there was a prosperity which made it the richest country in the nineteenth century. British trains and railway lines spread out like a spider’s web across the world. British ships were used to carry the new cargoes from one corner of the world to another.

The revolution is not over. It is still with us, but now it is a worldwide phenomenon. Everywhere, factories are producing large numbers of similar products, and are in continuous production. What were called mass-production lines yesterday are called robotic productions today. The pace of change is increasing. And if these techniques have brought us prosperity, they have also brought us a little misery in overcrowded towns, boring jobs and, most of all, unemployment.

51. We should be grateful to Adam Smith because

[ A ] his ideas made it possible for people to improve their lives

[ B ] he invented a more efficient way of pin making

[ C ] he started the industrial revolution

[ D ] he brought to people a high standard of living

52. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

[ A ] The Division of Labour makes work more interesting.

[ B ] Specialisation could solve the problem of unemployment.

[ C ] Adam Smith put forward the idea of the Division of Labour.

[ D ] Adam Smith insisted that each worker be better paid.

53. From the passage we know that the Industrial Revolution

[ A ] led to Adam Smith' s idea of specialisation

[ B ] was finished in the nineteenth century

[ C ] also has its side-effects in society

[ D ] put an end to poverty in the world

54. According to the passage, the Industrial Revolution is responsible for the following results except.

[ A ] prosperity

[ B ] crime

[ C ] unemployment

[ D ] over crowdedness

55. What is the best title for this passage?

[ A ] The Theory of Division of Labour and Its Significance

[ B ] The Industrial Revolution and Its Significance

[ C ] The Causes of Industrial Revolution

[ D ] Adam Smith, the Economist and Philosopher

Text 3

Whenever I see anyone buying a National Lottery ticket I want to stop them and ask if they know just where their money is going.

The lottery money is supposed to go to charity but it makes me angry to see some of the so called

For the past 10 years 1've been helping to raise funds for a cancer research charity called Tenovus. My husband, Sandy, died from cancer 11 years ago -- he was only 51. There' s been a long line of deaths in our family through cancer and it's been devastating. I've also lost two sisters-in-law, my brother, Michael, my father-in-law and my father. That’s apart from several close friends.

The charity is 50 years old now and raises money mainly for breast cancer research; It also runs a support line for the families of cancer sufferers. Our local group raises money through dances, sales and coffee mornings, and all the funds go directly to cancer research. In 1993 Tenovus raised ￡ 3 million -- and half that money came from sales of our own lottery tickets at supermarkets. But our income has dropped by half since the National Lottery was introduced.

I' m not against people playing the National Lottery, but they should think about what they’re doing. The chances of winning the jackpot are so small; they might as well throw their money away. The Government tells us that the proceeds are going to things like the arts and sports, but what about the National Health Service? They should give some cash to that, too. How can they justify spending ridiculous amounts of cash on so-called works of art -- like displays of potatoes --or buying up Winston Churchill' s papers at a cost of ￡ 12 million?

So who really are the winners in the National Lottery? When I think of all that money people could be donating to cancer research, I could weep. It’s time people realized how charities across the country are suffering because of the National Lottery. It's disheartening and so infuriating.

56. The writer seems to hope that

[ A ] people will spend more money on the National Lottery

[ B ] people will give more money to charity

[ C ] most of the lottery money will go to charity

[ D ] most of the lottery money will be used for cancer research

57. The reason why the writer raises funds for cancer research is that

[ A ] she herself is suffering from cancer

[ B ] the cancer is the most frightening disease

[ C ] a number of her relatives died of cancer

[ D ] some cancer research needs more money than other research

58. In this text the writer is expressing

[ A ] her personal opinions

[ B ] the opinions of the general public

[ C ] her feelings about cancer sufferers

[ D ] some ideas of fund-raising

59. The organization

[ A ] run by a group of people in the writer's town

[ B ] a charity organization which has some local groups

[ C ] set up to collect money for people who lose their relatives

[ D ] set up to assist the National Lottery

60. From the text we can conclude that

[ A ] the writer is enthusiastically supporting the National Lottery

[ B ] the writer has objections to the National Lottery

[ C ] the writer believes that the lottery money should be used for cancer research

[ D ] the writer is just expressing her feelings about collecting money for charity

Part B

Directions:

Read the texts from a magazine article in which five business leaders talked about their predictions for high-tech developments in the 21st century. For Questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Maguel de Ieaza:

Free software benefits people, countries and companies by giving them complete control of the software on which they depend. This is helping close the digital divide between developed and underdeveloped countries. People who previously might never have had access to this sort of technology are already leading the efforts to bring it to the developing world. Free software is the foundation on which a fairer future and a more efficient economy is being built.

Austin Hill:

Welcome to the future. Your mobile phone tracks your location, your interactive TV records your viewing habits. Privacy is to the information age what environmentalism was to the industrial age. Businesses will protect themselves, and their customers, by introducing privacy-promoting technologies and building better data controls into every aspect of their operation. A leading class of privacy protectors will emerge in every industry, and both they and their customers will reap the rewards of the ethical privacy brand.

Ng Ede Phang:

This will be the year that plain old text e-mail sits up and starts talking -- and talking a lot. The human voice is a powerful weapon. An e-mail doesn' t tell me whether you' re happy, sad or excited, whereas Internet voice services provide all these key emotional characteristics. The human voice adds a very powerful element to business relationships that e-mall just cannot match.

Murray Goldman:

For those of us who live on airplanes, a key decision is which electronic devices to carry on a trip. The future is in the appropriate combination of communications and computing devices. Many business travelers will require the full computing power of a personal computer, with a screen large enough to do intensive work. As a result, lightweight notebooks have been introduced to the market with innovative options such as built-in DVDs, cameras and wireless capabilities.

Christine Karman:

We' 11 see agents on portals and community websites helping people trade goods and information. Venture capitalists are shifting from dotcoms to software and hardware companies. In Europe, that shift is hard to make because we don' t have a Silicon Valley from which lots of companies are conquering the world. As a consequence, the slowly emerging Internet and software industry in Europe may not survive. If I were starting a new software company now, I' d go to California or Boston.

Now match each of the persons (61 to 65)to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.

Statements

61. Maguel de Icaza [A] Business travelers will set the trend of future computer market.

62. Austin Hill [B] Europe will catch up with America in the hi-tech industry.

63. Ng Ede Phang [C] Privacy needs special protection in the information age.

64. Murray Goldman [D] Voice e-mail adds a human touch to online

communication.

65. Christine Karman [E] Compactness and multi-function will be a trend in the

future market.

[F] Free software helps bring about digital equality.

[G] The digital divide between Europe and the U. S. may

widen.

SECTION IV Writing (40 minutes )

You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Part A

66. Suppose you are the secretary of the manager of a company. You attended the negotiation between your company and a foreign company. Write a memo of the negotiation. The memo should include:

1. time and place of the negotiation

2. participants of the negotiation

3. content of the negotiation including the agreement reached and the differences that still remain

4. the time for the next negotiation

You should write approximately 100 words.

Part B

67. Look at the pictures below and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following two points:

1. a description of these two pictures

2. your comment on this phenomenon

参考答案及精析

第一部分听力

1—25略

第二部分英语知识运用

参考译文

尽管“测谎仪”在政府、警界和商业部门得到广泛使用，但其结果并不总是精确的。测谎仪就是通常人们所知的情绪检测器，因为使用它们的目的就是测量与一个嫌疑对象所言不符的身体变化。测谎仪记录下心率、呼吸、血压和皮肤的电流的变化。在进行检测的第一部分过程中，有人通过电子设备把你和一台机器相连，并且问你几个中性的问题(“你叫什么名字?”等等)。记录下你身体上的反应，作为参照标准来衡量之后的反应。然后有人在你回答中性问题的过程中问你几个很难回答的问题(如“你什么时候抢的银行?”)。这是基于这样一种想法：如果你是有罪的，即使你试图否认，你的身体也将暴露事实。因为当你回答问题时，你的心率和呼吸将会突然改变。

那就是测谎仪所采用的理论，但心理学家发现测谎仪并不那么可靠。，因为对于一些情绪来说，大多数的身体变化都是相同的。测谎仪不能说明你是正感到生气、紧张或是激动。一方面，清白的人可能对整个过程都感到紧张焦虑，他们对银行这一特定字眼在生理上有所反应，也许并非因为他们抢过银行，而是因为他们最近用过一张空头支票。无论是哪种情况，测谎仪都会记录下该人在说谎。

另一方面，一些训练有素的骗子可以毫不犹豫地撒谎，因此检测出的结果与事实相反的错误也时有发生。

26．c【精析】本题考查词语搭配。be known as意为“被认为是„”，是固定搭配。A项意为“修理，固定”；B项意为“设计”；D项意为 “生产”，都无法与as搭配。故选c。

27．A【精析】本题考查词义辨析。A项意为“衡量，检测”；B项和C项都意为“保持”；D项意为“分级，评分”。通过上下文推测句意为 “测谎仪就是通常人们所知的情绪检测器，因为使用它们的目的就是测量与一个嫌疑对象所言不符的身体变化”。故选A。

28．B【精析】本题考查对文章内容的整体理解。根据上文，政府、警察局和商业部门都用测谎仪，所以答案不能选D项criminal“罪犯”和A项policeman“警察”等确定的具体意项；而c项person“人”这一概括性概念，涵盖所有意项，

过于泛泛。通观全文可知，测谎仪是要检测出有嫌疑的对象是否在说谎，因而此处只能用B项suspect“嫌疑犯”来搭配。故选B。

29．D【精析】本题考查介词的用法。from从„，表方向；with带着„，表伴随；upon在„E；in在„里，在某一方面。此句意为“测谎仪记录下心率、呼吸、血压和皮肤的电流的变化”。表某方面的变化，要用介词in。故选D。

30．D【精析】本题考查词义辨析。本句意为“测谎仪记录下心率、呼吸、血压和皮肤的电流的变化”。electrical flow意为“电流”，这是一种固定说法。故选D。

31．A【精析】本题考查词义辨析和句意理解。通过上下文推测句意为 “在进行检测的第一部分过程中，有人通过电子设备把你和一台机器相连”。因为整个测谎过程是一种test“检测”，而非B项research“研究”，C项operation“手术”或D项project“计划”。故选A。

32．D【精析】本题考查词语搭配。，通过上下文推测句意为“有人问你几个中性的问题”。

这里“．．．you are„——a few neutral questions„”是被动用法，没有介词，所以要填一个及物动词。变成主动形式就是“„somebody a question”。 investigate调查，用法是investigate sth．；

question询问，用法是question sb．／sth．；

raise提出，其用法是raise sth．，

若用在这里应是raise a question to sb．，不能用sb．was raised a question；D项ask是及物动词，可以用被动，常说ask sb．a question，变为被动就是sb．is asked sth．。故选D。

33．B【精析】本题考查固定搭配。本句意为“你身体上的反应作为参照标准来衡量之后的反应”。serve as意为“作为„”，其他的选项都无法与之搭配。故选B。

34．C【精析】本题考查词义辨析。again又一次；behind在„后面，一般是指窄间}：的前后关系，该词后边接人或物；after在„之后，可表时间或空间卜-的概念．what comes after意为“„之后发生的事”；next下一个。故选C，．

35．A【精析】本题考查语境的把握。critical尖锐的，严峻的；interesting有趣的；general概括的；impossible不可能的。根据上下文推测句意为“然后有人在你回答中性问题的过程中问你几个很难回答的问题”。故选A。、

36．C【精析】本题考查|-下文语义的衔接。句意为“如果你是有罪的，即使你试图掩饰，你的身体也将暴露事实”。只有C项guilty意为“有罪的”。故选C。

37．C 【精析】本题考查对上F文的理解。通过上下文推测，此处句意为“否认事实”．。mislead误导；confuse混淆；deny否认；cancel取消。故选C。

38．D【精析】本题考查对上下-文的理解和词义辨析。通过推测上下文，此处句

意为“当你回答问题时，你的心率和呼吸将会突然改变”。因为人撒谎时会紧张，所以心率和呼吸会突然变化。D项abruptly意为“突然的”。故选D。

39．A【精析】本题考查对上下文的理解和词义辨析。此处行文做了转折，因为使用了转折连词but，从而推知此处意为“测谎仪不可靠”。下文具体阐释了“人们在不同情绪状态下测谎仪测出的效果相同”。reliable可靠的；usable可用的；reasonable合理的；comprehensible可以理解的。故选A。

40．B【精析】此题考查限定词的用法。此题首先可以采用排除法。根据常识可以判断，不可能是所有的情绪都表现为相同的生理变化，故排除C、D项。0ther emotions意为“其他情绪”，结合全句看，就是“对于其他情绪来说．大部分的生理变化都是相同的”，这与全句句意不符。根据文意和常识判断，应是“对于一些情绪来说，大部分的生理变化都是相同的”。故选8。

41．A【精析】本题考查词语固定搭配。whether．．．or意为“是„还是„”。故选A。

42．B【精析】本题考查对上下文的理解和词义辨析。与有罪的人相对应的是无罪的人。此处应选“无罪的”这一含义。untrained未受过训练的；innocent无辜的，清白的；naive天真的；ignorant无知的。B项和C项在表达“天真的”这一意项时是近义词，而C项没有“清白的，无罪的”这一含义。，故选B。

43．B【精析】本题考查短语的固定搭配。be anxious／tense about sth．是固定搭配。故选8。

44．B【精析】本题考查短语固定搭配。A项fact一般和in搭配，中间没有冠词，in fact意为“事实上”；B项case一般和in搭配，中间有冠词，如in either case，意为“在(两种情况中)任意一种情况下”，其他搭配还有in such a case／in the case of sth．／in some cases／in most cases／in sb．’S case，意为“在„情况下”；c项condition一般和under搭配，如under some condition；D项chance常和by搭配，中间不加冠词，by chance意为“偶尔”。故选B。

45．C【精析】本题考查短语搭配。beyond超越；through经过，通过；without无，没有；against反对。通过上下文推测，此处句意为“一些训练有素的骗子可以毫不犹豫地撒谎”。只有without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫”。故选c。

第三部分阅读理解

Pan A

Text l

参考译文

15年前，我进入了《波士顿环球时报》，那时，在我的眼里，它像一座圣殿。受聘于此，并非易事。我得奋力拼搏以获得这份高薪水的工作。但是一旦你到了那里，我发现，你就在那里面了。

《环球》报社是终身聘用制，保证你工作到退休。进入后的l5年里，我一直平步青云，从一名普通记者做到驻外通讯记者，最后升任高级编辑。如果我继续在那里做下去，会一生无忧。

然而，我已经决定离开。

我来到老板的办公室。他会生气吗?我在想。他的坏脾气是众所周知的。“马特，我们必须谈谈，”我局促不安地开始。“我24岁进入《环球》，现在我已经40岁了。生命中我还有许多事情想要做。我打算辞职。”

“去另一家报社?”他问道。

我把手伸进大衣口袋，什么也没说，我简直不能相信自己。

我递给他一封信，里面解释了一切。信上说我将离开公司去开一家新的传媒公司。说《环球》用1000种方法来教会我：．我们正处于历史上罕有的转折点。我想直接投身于这一变革。，

“我为你感到高兴，”他说，这非常出乎我的意料。“我刚从一个董事会议过来，那里75％的消息都令人泄气。其中有些问题我们能够处理，但大多我们都无能为力，”他继续说道。“我祝愿你赢得所有的好运”，他总结道。“如果进展不顺的话，记住．你的幸运星会永远悬挂在那里。”

然后，我离开了他的办公室，我到新闻室各处走动跟更多的人道别。每个人都向我表示祝贺。所有的人——尽管我将以自己苦心经营所建立的经济保障为代价去冒险经营一项我所不熟悉的事业。

稍后，我和《波士顿环球时报》的主席兼出版商比尔?泰勒进行了最后的谈话。是他将《环球》的财富积累到10亿美金。

“我要辞职了，比尔，”我说。他倾听着我向他讲述故事，同样，他看起来既不生气，也不感到吃惊。

停顿了一下，他说，“Golly我多么希望我是你。”

46．A【精析】推理题。文中第五段老板提到“是不是要到另一家报社去”，据此推断这是一家报社。故选A。

47．C【精析】推理题。第二段提到“假如留下，会有生活保证”，从而推断若不离开则未来生活无忧。C项“无须为未来生活担忧”恰好与题意相吻合。敞选c。

48．C【精析】细节题。第七段第：二句提到“我要离开公司去开一家新传媒公司”。而C项“他想要从事新媒体产业”恰好与题意相吻合．故选C。

49．C【精析】推理题。第八段第二句话中提到“老板从董事会那里得来的消息中75％都是坏消息”，从中推断，报社商业处境艰难。故选C。

50．C【精析】释义题。be in ore’s shoes是固定短语，意为“处于某人的地位处境”、。这里直译过来就是“真希望我能处在你的位置上”．言外之意就是“我真希望我也可以做出相同的选择”。表示老板赞同作者的做法，而且表示假如他处于和作者相同的情况，他自己也会做H{同样的事。．C项意为“如果可能，他电会做同样的事”。放选C。，

Text 2

参考译文

200多年前，亚当?斯密提出了一些新的理念，这些理念引发了一场世界性的革命。当我们今天享受着高品质的生活时，很大程度上我们应将其归功于这位苏格兰经济学家和哲学家，，当我们今天享受着驾驶漂亮的小汽车，穿时尚的鞋子，坐飞机去遥远的地方度过令人兴备的假期时，也许我们应该感谢使这一切成为可能的人。

亚当?斯密的贡献是什么呢?如同此类众多带来令人惊喜的效果的理念，他的只是其中普通的一个。他观察工人制作大头钉时的操作技艺。一个人把一段金属条加热后，拉直，切成适当长的段，然后塑型，最后是冷却和打磨抛光，斯密注意到如果不同的工人来做这些不同的工作很有好处。让一个人负责准备金属，另一个人负责拉直和切割，第三个人负责塑型，最后一个人负责剩下的5--作。亚当?斯密把这中技术描述为劳动分工；用这种方式，工人不断重复相同的操作步骤。斯密让世人相信分工可以解决贫困和需求问题。

结果是什么呢?工业革命。生产率得到极大地提高。对工业革命的发源地大不列颠王国来说，当时那里一派欣欣向荣，使它成为l9世纪世界上最富有的国家。英国的火车和铁路线像蜘蛛网似的遍布全球。英国的轮船装载着新货物由世界的一个角落运到另一个角落。

这场革命没有结束。它还伴随着我们，但是现在成为一种世界性的现象。世界各地，工厂里在大批量生产相同的产品，并且是持续不断的生产。我们过去所谓的大批量生产而今被称作机械化生产。变革的速度在加快。而且，这些技术给我们带来了繁荣的同时，也给我们带来了一些痛苦：拥挤的城市，单调的工作，最甚者是失业。

51．A【精析】推理题．，通过第一段的论述，点}出 “亚当?斯密提出的一些观点引起了世界革命(即下文提到的工业 革命)，从而对人类幸福生活做出巨大贡献”，这正是人们应感谢他的原因。而A项说“他的观点引起的’工业革命使得人们的生活水平提高r”符合文段内容。故选A。

52．c【精析】判断题。文中最后一句提到“这些技术也带来了令人厌倦的工作和失业”，与A项和B项意义恰好相反。D项是无关项。本文的主旨即是介绍斯密的劳动分工论。故选C。

53．c【精析】推理题。考查对原文内容的理解。A项本末倒置；B项和原文不符，义中最后一段第一句“工业革命尚未结束”；C项与文中最后一句表述的含义相吻合．“工业革命在带来繁荣的同时，也带来了拥挤的城市、单调的工作和失业问题”，即C项表述的“对社会有负面影响”；D项文中末提，而且这种过于 绝对的答案多数是不正确的。故选C，

54．B【精析】细节题。参看第四段最后一句，提到了“繁荣”、“失业”、 “过度拥挤”等。工业革命的产物，只有B项未提及。故选B。，

55．A【精析】主旨题。，全文围绕分工理论的产生、影响展开，介绍了亚当?斯密是如何发明这一理论，这一理论义是如何带来工业革命的变革，影响人们生活至今。故选A。

Text 3

参考译文

每每看到有人购买国家彩票时，我都想阻止他们并问他们是否知道他们的钱将流向何处。

彩票筹得资金本应用于慈善。但是看到这蝗资金所支持的一些他们所谓的“高尚的事业”真令我生气。还有Camelot，彩票筹奖的组织者，在5个月内赢利1，080万英镑。我们听说这其中的大量费金使该公司老板们的钱袋鼓起来了。 在过去的l0年里我一直帮助Tenovus慈善基金会筹集资金，它是用于研究癌症的。我的丈夫Sandy于1l年前死于癌症—一时年仅5l岁。在我们的家族里有一长串的人死于癌症，这一直以来都令我们悲痛不已。除了几位亲密的朋友之外，我还失去了两位嫂嫂(弟媳)，我的兄弟Michael。我的公公和父亲。

这项慈善基金至今已50年了，筹集的资金主要用于乳癌的研究。它还开通了一条热线以帮助那些受癌症折磨的家庭。我靠l当地的团体组织通过举办舞会、义卖和咖啡早茶会筹集资金。所筹钱款直接用于癌症研究。l993年Tenovus筹得三百万英镑——其中一半的资金是通过我们在超市出售自己的彩券筹来的。但是自从国家彩券发行以后我们的收入跌了一半。

我并不反对人们玩国家彩票，但他们应该考虑自己正在做什么。中奖的机会如此之小；他们也可能白白扔掉自己的钱。政府告诉我们，收益将用于诸如艺术和体育之类的事业，但是国家医疗服务怎么办呢?他们也应当对医疗服务投入一定的资金。对于所谓的艺术品一一如照片展上投入巨额资金或花费1，200万英镑收购Winston Churchill的全部论文．他们如何给出一个合理的理由?

因此谁是国家彩票的真正获益者?当我想到所有那些本可以被捐赠于癌症研究的资金，我就会哭。是人们该意识到由于国家彩票的发行多少慈善基金遭流失的时候了。多么的让人失望和愤怒啊。

56．C【精析】推理题。考查对作者意图的理解。A项明显不对；B项曲解了，作者的意思，作者是在惋惜彩票业的收入不能全用于慈善事业；C项包含了D项的含义。故选C。

57．C【精析】推理题。考查对文章细节的把握和对原因的推理。第三段有明确表述，”作者的丈夫等很多亲人被癌症夺去生命”，这正是作者热衷于为癌症治疗事业筹集资金的原因。A项、B项和D项在文中均没有提及。故选C。

58．A【精析】推理题。考查对全文的整体把握。文中作者“处处流露出个人的观点与情绪”，如文章第一句话就提到“每每看到有人购买国家彩票时，我都想阻止他们并问他们是否知道他们的钱会流向何处”，这些都不是_一种理性的论证基金积累的问题”。故选A。

59．B 【精析】释义题。第四段第三句中提到的“我们当地的团体组织”，即“Tenovous”的下属机构。A项文中未提到；B项与文意符合；C项和D项明显不对。故选B。

60．B【精析】推理题。作者的观点明显是反对国家彩票的，故A项是错误的；

B项是正确的；C项过于绝对和狭隘，作者并没有说“所有的彩票业收入都应用于癌症研究”，而是“应用于慈善事业”；D项的表述不能概括作者对彩票业与慈善事业关系的看法。故选B。

Part B

参考译文

本文叙述了5位商业巨头对21世纪高科技发展的展望，他们的观点如下： 玛格尔?德?爱萨：通过给予公众、国家及企业以对其所依赖的软件以完全的控制权，他们将受益于免费软件。这将有助于缩小发达与不发达国家和地区之问在数字化方面的差异。那些从前无法获得此类技术的人们已经正在力图将这些技术引进发展中国家和地区。免费软件是更为美好的将来及更为高效的经济所建立的基础。

奥斯汀．黑尔：欢迎来到未来时空。你的手机可以跟踪定位，你的交互式电视将记录你的收看习惯。信息时代的隐私如同工业时代的环境保护主义。通过在经营各个方面引进隐私保护技术、建立更好的数据控制．企业可以保护自己及其客户。在各个行业都会出现一个重要的隐私保护阶层。

恩格?爱德?芳：这是一个简单的老式电子邮件挺直腰板开始说话——大量交谈的年代。人类的声音是一种强有力的武器。一封电子邮件不能告诉我你是快乐的、忧伤的还是兴奋的，与此相反网络音频提供了所有这些主要的情绪特征。人声为商务关系提供了一种电邮所无法匹比的有力要素。

曼瑞?高得曼：对于我们中那些选择乘飞机出行的人来说，需要做的一个重要决策是在旅行中应携带什么电子设备。未来将是通讯及计算设备的合理结合。许多商务旅行者将需要具备强大计算能力及足够大屏幕的个人电脑以处理繁重的工作。因而，轻便的笔记本电脑连同一些具有创新性的选择，如内置DVD光驱，照相机及无线性能已经被引入市场。

可里斯汀?卡门：我们将会看到门户网站和社区网站的代理商帮助人们进行商品和信息交易。风险投资商将从电子商务服务商转向软硬件公司。在欧洲，这一转变是艰难的，因为我们没有硅谷，很多来自硅谷的公司正在征服世界。结果是欧洲缓慢出现的网络和软件产业可能无法生存。如果我现在正准备开一家软件公司的话，我将去加利福尼亚或波士顿、

61．F【精析】细节题。第一段第二句提到“免费软件的使用帮助缩小发达国家与发展中国家之间的数码差距”，与F项的“免费软件使数字信息平等化”之义相吻合。故选F。

62．C【精析】主旨题。整段都在阐述“个人隐私在信息时代的重要性以及商家如何采取措施来保护自己和顾客的隐私不受侵犯”。这与C项“在信息时代需要保护个人隐私”相一致。故选C。

63．D【精析】细节题。第三段第三句提到“电子邮件不能告诉我你是高兴、喜悦或是兴奋，而网上的信息服务就会提供这些主要情绪特征的信息”，这与D项“声音电子邮件使得网上交流变得人性化”相符。故选D。

64．E【精析】细节题。根据第四段对商业旅行者所需计算机的描述 “轻巧，有

诸如内置DVD和照相机等设备”，可推知“小巧和多功能将会成为商业旅行者的首选”，因而成为一种潮流。A项“商业旅行者将定位未来计算机市场的潮流”说得过于绝对，而且文中也并未做如此表述。故选E。

65．G【精析】推理题。文中倒数第二句论述，“欧洲很难成为硬件和软件的生产地”，那么承接上文的意思，也就是说数码差距很难缩小，那么本已领先的美国就会将差距进一步扩大。故选G。

第四部分写作

Part A

66．【高分范文】

Memo

T0：David

From：Cathy

Subject：Negotiation between Lenovo and IBM

Date：Nov．7．2004

Today，Lenovo and IBM had a negotiation in Diaoyutai State Guesthouse．The participants in the negotiation are the managers of Sales Department，Human Resources Department and Marketing Department of the two companies．

They talked about the potential of cooperation of the two companies in the field of high—tech computer products and the possibility of establishing a branch company of IBM in China．On the first problem，the two sides achieved an agreement：IBM will provide the most advanced technology，while Lenovo will take care of marketing and customer service．

However，on the second problem，the two sides did not reach any agreement．Therefore，on Dec．20，2004，the two sides will hold a second round of negotiation on this issue．

【写作点金】

备忘录是考生相对陌生的一种文体。一定要注意它的格式。正文之前要标明写笺人，收笺人，主题及日期(T0，FROM，SUBJECT，DATE)。

内容部分是备忘录的主要部分，写作应力求简明、确切。第一段应直入主题，列出最重要的信息或结论，接着可具体说明事由、经过、情况等。最后可重申主题或表示意愿。

【高频词句】

1．achieve an agreement达成协议

2．Human Resource Department and Marketing Department人力资源部和市场部

3．a second round of negotiation第二轮谈判

Part B

67．【高分范文】

In the first picture，a farmer was sowing the seeds bought from a socalled famous seeds company．While in the second one，the farmer Was disappointed at the poor result of his efforts，wondering why it should be like this．

The sharp contrast points out a grave problem．Nowadays，some companies that provide agricultural materials are oriented by profits，thus neglecting the interests of farmers．Therefore，farmers’ interests are harmed by the deceptive behavior of those companies．

I think this kind of phenomenon calls for high alert from the government，because that may bring disastrous results to agricultural output，and even harm national economy．To conclude。I am looking forward to the coming out of a new law to regulate the agricultural market，which call effectively protect farmers’ interests．

【写作点金】

这是一篇看图作文。看图作文要求考生对图画进行观察分析，找出图中的内在联系和所表达故事的中心思想，对图中的故事进行叙述或对图画所表现的内容进行描述并发表议论。要注意图中所给出的画外音。最后，一定要根据题目要求作文。

【高频词句】

1．while与„同时，常用于表示对比或相反的情况。

2．The sharp contrast points out a grave problem．鲜明的对比指出了一个严重的问题。这句话是看图作文中常用的表达。