六年级英语语法知识汇总
六年级英语语法知识汇总
一、词类:
1、 动词:行为动词、be动词、情态动词。 (1)行为动词
原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具体判断方法如下: (2)be动词
a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句
I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
c、 一般疑问句 Am I „? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are you/they„? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. is、am、are为一类,一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。 was和were为另一类,一般用于一般过去时。 (3)情态动词
can、must、should、would、may。情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响) 2、 名词
这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was。 如何加后缀:
a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives e.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 3、 形容词(包括副词)
形容词表示某一事物或的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征。 形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。 未作比较的情况下就用原形,比较时就+er。
两个重要特征:as„„as中间一定用原形,有than的时候一定+er。
人称代词:
有主格和宾格之分。
一般动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。 物主代词:
有两类:形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)
一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无,就用名词性物主代词(长的)。 5、 数量词
我们学过两类:基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少,而基数词用于表示次序,常在日期中出现。序数词的前面一般都加the。 6、冠词
有a、an、the。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前,a用于辅音音素前。 二、否定句:
be动词(am、is、are、was、were)+not、 情态动词(can、must、should)+ not、 助动词(do、does、did) + not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:
1、看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤:
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,动词用过去式的助动词就有did。 (3)在助动词后加not。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。 三、一般疑问句。
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:
1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。 2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤:
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,动词用过去式的助动词就有did。 (3)把助动词后提到句首。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。 四、特殊疑问句。
表示疑问,有疑问词(在开头),回答有很多种可能。
五、祈使句
表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。
肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头(有时有please),否定的祈使句一定是don’t加动词原形开头(有时有please)。
把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加don’t即可。 六、时态 1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时中的be动词: 一般用原形:am is are
am用于第一人称单数(I);is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben his sister等);are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children 、 his parents等)。
(2)一般现在时中的动词:
第一种情况:主语是第三人称单数(he she it 和其他,如Helen 、her cousin 等),动词后一般加s或es。
第二种情况:主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。
(4)一般现在时判断依据(如何判断一个句子是一般现在时): △be动词是am、is、are △动词用原形或加s、es
△没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间 2、一般过去时
(1)一般过去时中的be动词: 一般用过去式:was were
was用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben 、 his sister等);were用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children 、 his parents等)。 (2)一般过去时中的动词: 一般只有一种情况:+ed
这里强调一点,和一般现在时不同的是这里不管主语是第几人称,也不管是单数和复数都加ed。
(4)一般过去时判断依据(如何判断一个句子是一般过去时): △be动词是was、were △动词加ed △有表示过去的时间状语
现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有:
just now a moment ago yesterday last week last night last weekend last year last month three days ago two weeks ago five years ago this morning 3、一般将来时
(1)构成形式:
Be going to +动词原形, will + 动词原形
(2)一般将来时表示动作即将发生或某人打算做某事。 (3)句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。 4、现在进行时 (1)构成形式: Be动词+动词的ing形式
这里强调一点,两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。 (2)现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。 (3)有用的依据:
一个句子中既有be动词,又有动词,且动词加了ing ←→ 该句是现在进行时 (4)句中往往有now、look、listen等词。 动词过去式、现在分词的不规则变化:
be 是——was, were——being begin 开始——began——beginning build 建筑——built——building buy 买——bought——buying can 能——could——无 come 来——came——coming copy 拷贝——copied——copying
do 做——did——doing draw 画——drew——drawing drink 喝——drank——drinking drive 驾车——drove——driving eat 吃——ate——eating feel 感觉——felt——feeling find 找寻——found——finding fly飞——flew——flying
forget 忘记——forgot——forgetting get 得到——got——getting give 给予——gave——giving go 去——went——going grow 成长——grew——growing have 有——had——having hear 听——heard——hearing keep 保持——kept——keeping know 知道——knew——knowing
learn学习—learnt, learned——learning let 让——let——letting make 做——made——making may 可以——might——无 mean 意思——meant-meaning
meet 见面——met——meeting must 必须——must——无 put 放——put——putting read 读——read——reading ride 骑——rode——riding ring 响——rang——ringing run 跑——ran——running say 说——said——saying see 看见——saw——seeing sing 唱歌——sang——singing sit 坐——sat——sitting sleep 睡觉——slept——sleeping speak 讲话——spoke——speaking spend 花钱——spent——spending stand 站立——stood——standing sweep 打扫——swept——sweeping swim 游泳——swam——swimming take 拿到——took——taking teach 教——taught——teaching tell 讲述——told——telling think 思考——thought——thinking will 意愿——would——无
write 写——wrote——writi
时 态 练 习
1 I (go) to school by bus everyday.
2 He (go) for a walk on Sundays.
3 Su Yang (go) to a farm with her parents last weekend.
4 Let’s (go) and (see).
5 What are you (go) to do tomorrow? I’m (go) to (have)
a picnic.
6 You (have) a stove and she (have) a tin-opener.
7 What time do you (have) breakfast? I (have) breakfast at a
quarter past seven.
8 What do you (have)? They (have) a blanket.
9 What are you doing? I’m (have) an English lesson.
10 I (have) a good time yesterday.
11 What are you going to do tomorrow? I’m going to (have) a picnic. 12What do you (like)? I (like) (duck).
13What does she (like)? She (like) (take) photos. 14 Does he like (plant) flowers?
15 I (watch) TV at home last Sunday.
16 My father (read) a newspaper now.
17 It (be) the National Day holiday last week.
18 I usually (do) my homework at seven o’clock.
1. 写出下列各词的复数
I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______
photo ________diary______day________foot________book_______dress ________
tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______
peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______juice_______
water ________milk __________rice ____________tea_____________
2. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink_________go_________stay________make____look________have_______
pass _______carry ____come ________watch _______plant ________fly ________
study ________brush _________do ___________teach____________
3. 写出下列动词的现在分词
put________give_______fly________get _____dance________sit_______run_____plant ______take________swim _________ask ________stop _______
take ______write __________have _______smoke ______
4. 写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________fly______plant_______are_______drink______play______go_____make________does________dance_______worry________ask_____taste_________eat __________draw ________put _________do ________
5. 写出下列词的完全形式
can’t_________I’d________aren’t________they’re____let’s_________wasn’t______that’s________don’t _____when’s_______didn’t________you’re_______doesn’t ___
he’s________she’s________I’m_____isn’t________I’ve________shouldn’t_______ I’ll _________who’s _____
用“be动词”或“助动词”的适当形式填空:
1. It a quarter to ten . We having an English lesson.
2. They my parents . They doctors.
3. It Sunday morning. It sunny.
4. it often rain in spring? No , it
5. you from the USA? Yes, I .
6.What Miss Li doing now?
7. you often play football together? No, we .
8.What Su Yang and her sister do at the weekends?
9. there any apples in the bag ? Yes, there .
10. he like singing ? Yes , he .
11.There a pencil-box and some books in the desk.
12. quiet , please.
13. climb the tree .
14. I’ll a goalkeeper.
15. you at home last night ? No , I .
16. Mike go shopping this ? No ,he .
17. there a lot of snow in winter? No , there .
18. you feel tired? Yes, we .
19. the ball here just now ? No , it .
20. we going to see a play this weekend? Yes , we .
21.Which season your mother like best ?
22.How many bananas you have ?
23.How many cars there in the park ?
24.How far it from here ?
25.What animals you going to see tomorrow?
一. 用适当的介词填空:
1. Please look the blackboard. Don’t listen the teacher.
2.
3.
4.
5. I can see a kite the wall. Is Han Meimei duty today? The woman the coat is Mrs Brown. This is a picture our school.
6. Wuxi is Jiangsu.
7. I am Row Six. She is Class One.
They are Grade Two.
8. What’s this English?
9. Can you sing this song Japanese?
10. The boy the green bike is Tom.
11. You can’t see the broom. It’s the door.
12. You must look your watch.
13. We are home. Jim is school.
14. The apples are the tree. Now Tom is the tree.
15. Look! The old man is the tree.
16. The girl her mother and father is American.
17. Please give the books Jim.
18. It’s seven twenty.
19. We go to school seven.
20. Show these pictures your teacher.
21. It’s time go school. It’s not time home.
22. I watch TV eight the morning.
23. Put it , please. Don’t take it .
24. Is this a doctor a teacher? Are Lily Lucy his daughters?
二. 用适当的代词填空:
1. Are those trousers? No, aren’t . are blue.(they)
2. Tom, where’s bike? Is this black bike ?
No, it isn’t . (my,mine,your,yours)
3. What’s the woman’s name? name is Gao Hui.
is an English teacher.(she,her,his,she’s)
4. are twins, names are Lucy and Lily.
look like parents.(they)
5. am an English teacher. name is Ma Ying.( I )
6. is good friend. all like .(he,him,we,you,our)
7. Can help ? Yes, can.(her,she,I,you)
8. Give an apple, please. Which one is ?
The small one is .(he)
Where is photo? Is that yours? No, that’s not . is black.( I )
9. Li Ming and I are boys. are good friends.
parents are all teachers.
10. Ann and you are girls. are English.
Chinese teacher is Mrs. Wang.
11. This is classroom. is small.
But is big.(ours,their,theirs)
12. These are grapes. Please put on the table.(it,they,them)
13. is young. Let help .(she,her,hers,we,us)
14. have some pen-friends.
like to write to .(I,me,they,them,their)
Fill in the blank with "have,has"or "there is , there are"
1.I________a good father and a good mother.
2.____________a telescope on the desk.
3.He_________a tape-recorder.
4._____________a basketball in the playground.
5.She__________some dresses.
6.They___________a nice garden. 7.What do you___________?
8.______________a reading-room in the building?
9.What does Mike___________?
10.______________any books in the bookcase?
11.My father_________a story-book.
12._______________a story-book on the table.
13._______________any flowers in the vase?
14.How many students____________in the classroom?
15.My parents___________some nice pictures.
16._____________some maps on the wall.
17.______________a map of the world on the wall.
18.David__________a telescope.
19.David's friends___________some tents.
20.______________many children on the hill.
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but ________ is very big. ( I )
2.The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3.Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it's not _________ . ( I )
4._________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5._________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6.Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7.I can find my toy, but where's _________? ( you )
8.Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9.I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10.Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren't here. ( they )
11.Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12._________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13.That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14.Where are _________? I can't find _________. Let's call _________ parents. ( they )
15.Don't touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16._________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17._________ don't know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18.So many dogs. Let's count _________. ( they )
19.I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20.May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21.Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it )
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
将来时理论及练习
六、同义句:be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
六年级英语专项练习
用所给词的适当形式填空:
1. The football under the table is______ (he).
2. Helen______ (visit) her grandparent on Sunday.
3. Did you______ (watch) a film last week .
4. I'd like______ (have) a party.
5. They are______ (water) flowers at home .
6. We ______ (milk) cows ahd picked apples on a farm .
7. Helen's family______ (be) at home last Sunday .
8. Please open______ (they) for _______ (I ).
9. The new mirror is______ (she).
10. Jim likes ______ (watch) TV very much .
11. They______ (go) to a farm on Christmas Day .
12. ______ (do) Ben and Mike______ (go) to school together ?
13. SuYang is______ (look) for______ (she) camera now .
14. New Year's Day is______ (come).
15. We______ (help) her with ______ (do) housework just now .
16. She______ (like) ______ (listen) to music.
17. People______ (go) to the park every morning .
18. Listen! The girl ______ (sing) over there .
19. Mike ______ (have)a blue ballnoon. And I (have) a green one .
20. There______ (be) some bread on the plate .Can I______ (have) some ?
21. Let’s ______ (clean) the windows.
22. When’s ______ (he) birthday ?
23. Now the children are______ (sing) the song .
24. Ben often ______ (have) breakfast at seven in the morning .
25. I ______ (be) at school a moment ago ,I (be) at home now .
26. The girl ______ (visit) Doctor Wang last month .
27. Sunday is the ______ (she) ______ (do) housework?
29. Listen The little girl is______(cry).
30. The man in a white shirt is the park______ (keep).
31. There was an______(excite) volleyball match in their school last week.
32. They are going to have a Sports Day on the _____ (twenty-one) of December.
33. Would you like______ (any) bread ?
34. My birthday’s on the ______ (three) of November.
35. Today is ______ (Teachers) Day.
36. Mike ______ (not) like listening to music.
37. WangBing ______ (give) Ben a new model plane as a birthday present yesterday.
38. Do you like ______ (collect) stamps ?
39. Where are you ______ (CD) ?
They______ (be) in the desk yesterday evening.
40. There ______ (be) a pair of ______ (glass) on the sofa now .
41. All the workers are very ______ (excite).
42. The race is very______ (excite) .
43. She______ (draw) pictures every week .
44. Your shoes ______ (be) there just now .
45. Go and ask______ (he) the way .
46. We are______ (have) a birthday party .
47. There______ (be) a big cake and some candles .
48. It is the (five) of October .
49. My birthday’s coming . Let’s (has) a party .
50. We are now______ (live) in China .
51. How many______ (apple) are there ?
52. ______ (Ben) birthday is on the second day of January.
53. Helen ______ (have) a birthday party at home .
54. Ben and Jim usually ______ (go) home together.
55. Would you like ______ (come) my birthday party .
56. They are______ (talk) about Ben’s birthday .
57. It ______ (be) the Children’s Day last week .
58. Today is ______ (two) day of school .
59. Tom ______ (go) to school every day.
60. What______ you ______ (do) yesterday?
61. I ______ (sweep) the floor now .
62. You can take bus ______5. (number)
63. Mr Ma ______ (watch) a film with my friends on Wednesdays.
64. Don’t worry ,I’ll look after______ ( she) baby.
65. GaoShan can ______ (speak) loudly.
66. I want to ______ (visit ) the farm .
67. He ______ (have) a brother and a sister .
68. Peter likes ______ (make) model ships.
69. We have different ______ (hobby).
70. Nancy dances______ (beautiful) .
71. Today is the ______ (15) of December .
72. The students are getting very ______ (exciting).
73. What holiday ______ (come) after New Year’s Day ?
74. ______ he usually ______ (go) shopping at Spring Festival?
75. They ______ (go) to______ (visit) relatives and friends last National Day.
76. ______ (not put ) on that sweater ,because(因为) it’s hot today .
77. I like ______ (watch) the moon .But I don’t______ (eat) moon cakes .
78. Can you ______ (play) with lanterns ? No, I ______ .
79. Look, Sang Lan is______ (stand) up .
80. Whose ruler is brown ,yours or ______ (me)?
81. What______ (do) you do last Sunday?
82. We ______ (have) a chat in the evenings.
83. Look at ______ (we) new classroom ,please.
84. Did you ______ (watch ) a film on Saturday ?
85. Whose sweater is this ? It’s ______ (she).
86. Su Yang ______ (like) listening to music .
87. Tom ______ (be) in the classroom just now .
88. My birthday is on the______ (one) of November.
89. ______ (blow) out the candles ,please.
90. They are ______ (watch) a running race.
91. Yang Ling’s uncle______ (live) in a town near Nanjing .
92. Yesterday afternoon, they ______ (have) a chat in the garden .
93. We did some ______ (china) dances.
94. Last week ,there ______ (be) an Art Festival at Yang Ling’s School.
95. Look! Mary is______ (run) to her mother .
96. What did you do ? We ______ (make) a lot of ______ (colour) kites and flew ______ (they).
97. They often go for a ______ (walk) in the park .
98. ______ (I) shirt’s black, but ______ (you ) are white .
99. ______ (she )cat’s thin , but ______ (he) is fat.
100. ______ (we) pens are long , but ______ (they) are short .
101 Last Friday, I (take part in) a sports meeting.
102 ---What (do) he like?----He (like) playing table tennis.
103 . My sister (go) to the supermarket every Sunday.
104 We (do not) watch TV last night.
105 My mother (look) (young) than my aunt.
106 ----Is Gao Shan in the bedroom?----No, he (is) there a moment ago.
Now he’s (water) the flowers in the garden.
107. I’m the only (children) in my family.
108Yesterday I (meet) my friend Jack in the street. We (be) very glad to see each other. 109He asked me how (get) to the shopping center.
110You can take bus No.6 and get off at the (two) stop.
111 (that) are apples.
112To get there (fast), you can take bus No.7.
113 Would you like (go) shopping with (I)?
114 There are (twelve) months in a year. December is the (twelve) month of a year. 115 How many (season) are there in a year?116 Is there (some) tea in the bottle?
116 Liu Tao is reading a story (in /on) the newspaper.
117. David wants (draw) a picture.
118 Listen! The girl (read) in her bedroom.
119. He usually (come) to school at 7:30 in the morning.
120. What day (be) it yesterday?
121. (be) there any water in the glass?
122Are you good at (fish)?
123 We saw (he) playing football on the playground.
124. Who would like (read) the new words for us?
125. Look! The children (swim) in the lake.
126. The girls (watch) a football match next Sunday.
127. Don’t talk! We (have) a Maths lesson.
根据句子意思和所给首字母写出单词:
1. My m is 34. She is a t .
2. The c on the desk are yours, Tom. P them on, please.
3. T are five p in my family.
4. W is your f job?
5. W camera is that? Is it y ?
6. H m are these trousers? They’re 400 yuan.
7. Do you k the w to the park?
8. W c are these cars? G .
9. The boy in b is so f .
10. W man is your father? The tall one.
11. H a this red car? It’s very nice.
12. Where are the t ? They’re in the t office.
13. I like to d p there.
14. My b and I are students.
15. Welcome to o s .
16. I can p a c game.
17. S we clean the classroom ?
18. Jim is f E .
19. You all l to the teacher in c .
20. The toilet is n to the cinema.
21. There are m flowers in the park.
22. I can play f .
23. Can you c the numbers?
24. We have four c in the morning.
25. My a is 12 Taihu Garden.
26. Jim has a new watch. It’s f his parents.
27. Don’t w . I can help you.
28. Can you speak J ?
29. A Lucy’s friends are in her home.
30. Tom has many C friends.
31. I can’t f my book.
32. What do you w ?
33. Read these n , please. Yes, one, two„
34. My pen friends like to w to me.
35. Is e here?
36. T your clothes off. It’s t to go to bed.
37. W are you f ? China.
38. Tom is ill. Who can l a him?
39. Stand b your parents, please.
40. It’s a seven in the e .